Bacterial pore forming toxins (PFTs) are transmembrane proteins produced by pathogenic bacteria that increase infection severity in several instances. PFTs assemble into nano-sized pores on the host plasma membrane, making it permeable to ions and small molecules. As a response to PFTs, the host cell engages in cytoskeleton-mediated repair mechanisms to overcome the damage inflicted to its plasma membrane, and to maintain cellular homeostasis. However, PFTs themselves modulate the cytoskeleton in an attempt to escape host immune responses. Here, we review the changes that PFTs effect on the host cytoskeleton and how the host cell responds to this attack via cytoskeleton-associated pathways.

中文翻译：

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是敌是友？宿主细胞骨架在细胞对细菌成孔毒素的反应中的作用

细菌成孔毒素 (PFT) 是由病原菌产生的跨膜蛋白，在某些情况下会增加感染的严重程度。PFT 在宿主质膜上组装成纳米大小的孔，使其可渗透离子和小分子。作为对 PFT 的反应，宿主细胞参与细胞骨架介导的修复机制，以克服对其质膜造成的损伤，并维持细胞稳态。然而，PFTs 本身调节细胞骨架以试图逃避宿主免疫反应。在这里，我们回顾了 PFT 对宿主细胞骨架的影响以及宿主细胞如何通过细胞骨架相关通路对这种攻击做出反应。