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Near-real-time volcanic cloud monitoring: insights into global explosive volcanic eruptive activity through analysis of Volcanic Ash Advisories
Bulletin of Volcanology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 , DOI: 10.1007/s00445-020-01419-y
S. Engwell , L. Mastin , A. Tupper , J. Kibler , P. Acethorp , G. Lord , R. Filgueira

Understanding the location, intensity, and likely duration of volcanic hazards is key to reducing risk from volcanic eruptions. Here, we use a novel near-real-time dataset comprising Volcanic Ash Advisories (VAAs) issued over 10 years to investigate global rates and durations of explosive volcanic activity. The VAAs were collected from the nine Volcanic Ash Advisory Centres (VAACs) worldwide. Information extracted allowed analysis of the frequency and type of explosive behaviour, including analysis of key eruption source parameters (ESPs) such as volcanic cloud height and duration. The results reflect changes in the VAA reporting process, data sources, and volcanic activity through time. The data show an increase in the number of VAAs issued since 2015 that cannot be directly correlated to an increase in volcanic activity. Instead, many represent increased observations, including improved capability to detect low- to mid-level volcanic clouds (FL101–FL200, 3–6 km asl), by higher temporal, spatial, and spectral resolution satellite sensors. Comparison of ESP data extracted from the VAAs with the Mastin et al. (J Volcanol Geotherm Res 186:10–21, 2009a ) database shows that traditional assumptions used in the classification of volcanoes could be much simplified for operational use. The analysis highlights the VAA data as an exceptional resource documenting global volcanic activity on timescales that complement more widely used eruption datasets.

中文翻译:

近实时火山云监测:通过分析火山灰咨询洞察全球爆炸性火山喷发活动

了解火山灾害的位置、强度和可能的持续时间是降低火山喷发风险的关键。在这里,我们使用一个新的近实时数据集,其中包含 10 多年来发布的火山灰咨询 (VAA),以调查全球火山爆发活动的速率和持续时间。VAA 是从全球九个火山灰咨询中心 (VAAC) 收集的。提取的信息允许对爆炸行为的频率和类型进行分析,包括分析关键的喷发源参数 (ESP),例如火山云高度和持续时间。结果反映了 VAA 报告过程、数据源和火山活动随时间的变化。数据显示,自 2015 年以来发布的 VAA 数量有所增加,这与火山活动的增加没有直接关系。反而,许多代表着增加的观测,包括通过更高的时间、空间和光谱分辨率卫星传感器探测中低层火山云(FL101-FL200,3-6 公里 asl)的能力得到提高。从 VAA 中提取的 ESP 数据与 Mastin 等人的比较。(J Volcanol Geotherm Res 186:10–21, 2009a) 数据库显示,在火山分类中使用的传统假设可以大大简化以供操作使用。该分析强调 VAA 数据是一种特殊的资源,可以在时间尺度上记录全球火山活动,补充更广泛使用的喷发数据集。从 VAA 中提取的 ESP 数据与 Mastin 等人的比较。(J Volcanol Geotherm Res 186:10–21, 2009a) 数据库显示,在火山分类中使用的传统假设可以大大简化以供操作使用。该分析强调 VAA 数据是一种特殊的资源,可以在时间尺度上记录全球火山活动,补充更广泛使用的喷发数据集。从 VAA 中提取的 ESP 数据与 Mastin 等人的比较。(J Volcanol Geotherm Res 186:10–21, 2009a) 数据库显示,在火山分类中使用的传统假设可以大大简化以供操作使用。该分析强调 VAA 数据是一种特殊的资源,可以在时间尺度上记录全球火山活动,补充更广泛使用的喷发数据集。
更新日期:2021-01-21
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