Advancements in heterogeneous computing technologies enable the significant potential of virtual reality (VR) applications. To offer the best user experience (UX), a system should adopt an untethered, wireless-network-based architecture to transfer VR content between the user and the content generator. However, modern wireless network technologies make implementing such an architecture challenging, as VR applications require superior video quality -- with high resolution, high frame rates, and very low latency. This paper presents OpenUVR, an open-source framework that uses commodity hardware components to satisfy the demands of interactive, real-time VR applications. OpenUVR significantly improves UX through a redesign of the system stack and addresses the most time-sensitive issues associated with redundant memory copying in modern computing systems. OpenUVR presents a cross-layered VR datapath to avoid redundant data operations and computation among system components, OpenUVR customizes the network stack to eliminate unnecessary memory operations incurred by mismatching data formats in each layer, and OpenUVR uses feedback from mobile devices to remove memory buffers. Together, these modifications allow OpenUVR to reduce VR application delays to 14.32 ms, meeting the 20 ms minimum latency in avoiding motion sickness. As an open-source system that is fully compatible with commodity hardware, OpenUVR offers the research community an opportunity to develop, investigate, and optimize applications for untethered, high-performance VR architectures.

中文翻译：

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OpenUVR：不受限制的虚拟现实应用程序的开源系统框架

异构计算技术的进步实现了虚拟现实（VR）应用程序的巨大潜力。为了提供最佳的用户体验（UX），系统应采用不受限制的，基于无线网络的体系结构在用户和内容生成器之间传输VR内容。但是，现代的无线网络技术使实现这样的架构具有挑战性，因为VR应用程序要求具有出色的视频质量-具有高分辨率，高帧速率和非常低的延迟。本文介绍了OpenUVR，这是一个开放源代码框架，该框架使用商品硬件组件来满足交互式实时VR应用程序的需求。OpenUVR通过重新设计系统堆栈显着改善了UX，并解决了与现代计算系统中冗余内存复制相关的最时间敏感的问题。OpenUVR提供了一个跨层的VR数据路径，以避免系统组件之间的冗余数据操作和计算; OpenUVR自定义网络堆栈，以消除由于每层数据格式不匹配而引起的不必要的内存操作; OpenUVR使用来自移动设备的反馈来删除内存缓冲区。在一起，这些修改使OpenUVR可以将VR应用程序延迟减少到14.32 ms，满足避免晕车的最小延迟20 ms。作为与商品硬件完全兼容的开源系统，OpenUVR为研究社区提供了开发，研究和优化不受束缚，