Anthropogenic noise has received significant attention in recent years, and researchers have highlighted the ways in which animals might deal with these noise sources. However, much of our understanding of animal responses to this novel source of background acoustics lacks an evolutionary perspective. Natural sources of noise predate the origin of hearing organs in animals. Therefore, it is unlikely that animals have only recently evolved strategies to cope with anthropogenic noise de novo but, rather, already have preexisting coping mechanisms, because of countless generations of evolution within a naturally noisy world, on which contemporary selection is now likely acting. We review strategies to cope with natural sources of noise and suggest a more quantitative and mechanistic understanding of how particular characteristics of noise have shaped animal populations and communities in the past, enabling us to predict the effects that novel sources of noise will have on the future.

中文翻译：

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用过去理解现在：应对自然噪声和人为噪声

近年来，人为噪声受到了极大的关注，研究人员强调了动物应对这些噪声源的方式。但是，我们对动物对这种新的背景声源的反应的许多理解缺乏进化的观点。天然噪声源早于动物听力器官的起源。因此，由于在自然嘈杂的世界中无数代进化，当代选择可能正在起作用，因此，动物不太可能只有最近进化的策略来应对人为噪声，而已经具有预先存在的应对机制。