A gravitational wave early warning of a compact binary coalescence event, with a sufficiently tight localization skymap, would allow telescopes to point in the direction of the potential electromagnetic counterpart before its onset. Use of higher modes of gravitational radiation, in addition to the dominant mode typically used in templated real-time searches, was recently shown to produce significant improvements in early-warning times and skyarea localizations for a range of asymmetric mass binaries. We perform a large-scale study to assess the benefits of this method for a population of compact binary merger observations. In particular, we inject 100 000 such signals in Gaussian noise, with component masses $m_1 \in \left[1, 60 \right] \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ and $m_2 \in \left[1, 3 \right] \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$. We consider three scenarios involving ground-based detectors: the fifth (O5) observing run of the Advanced LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA network, its projected Voyager upgrade, as well as a proposed third-generation (3G) network. We find that for fixed early-warning times of 20–60 s, the inclusion of the higher modes can provide localization improvements of a factor of ≳2 for up to ${\sim}60{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ ($70 {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) of the neutron star–black hole (NSBH) systems in the O5 (Voyager) scenario. Considering only those NSBH systems that can produce potential electromagnetic counterparts, such improvements in the localization can be expected for ${\sim}5\!-\!35{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ $(20\!-\!50{{\ \rm per\ cent}})$ binaries in O5 (Voyager). For the 3G scenario, a significant fraction of the events have time gains of a minute to several minutes, assuming fiducial target localization areas of 100–1000 deg2.

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使用更高的引力辐射模式改进紧凑双星合并的早期预警：一项人口研究

紧凑型二元合并事件的引力波预警，具有足够紧密的定位天空图，将允许望远镜在潜在电磁对应物开始之前指向它的方向。除了在模板化实时搜索中通常使用的主要模式之外，使用更高模式的引力辐射最近被证明可以显着改善一系列不对称质量双星的预警时间和天空区域定位。我们进行了一项大规模研究，以评估这种方法对一组紧凑二元合并观测的好处。特别是，我们在高斯噪声中注入了 100 000 个这样的信号，分量质量为 $m_1 \in \left[1, 60 \right] \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ 和 $m_2 \in \left[ 1, 3 \right] \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$. 我们考虑了涉及地面探测器的三种场景：高级 LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA 网络的第五次 (O5) 观测运行、其预计的 Voyager 升级以及拟议的第三代 (3G) 网络。我们发现，对于 20-60 秒的固定预警时间，包含更高模式可以提供 ≳2 倍的定位改进，最高可达 ${\sim}60{{\ \rm per\ cent}} $ ($70 {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) 的中子星-黑洞 (NSBH) 系统在 O5 (航海者) 情景中。仅考虑那些可以产生潜在电磁对应物的 NSBH 系统，对于 ${\sim}5\!-\!35{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$$(20\!- \!50{{\ \rm per\ cent}})$ 二进制文件在 O5 (Voyager) 中。对于 3G 场景，很大一部分事件具有一分钟到几分钟的时间增益，