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Contrast agent shell properties effects on heat deposition in bubble enhanced high intensity focused ultrasound
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 , DOI: 10.1121/10.0002948
Aswin Gnanaskandan 1 , Chao-Tsung Hsiao 1 , Georges Chahine 1
Affiliation  

The effects of the viscoelastic shell properties of ultrasound contrast agents on heat deposition in bubble enhanced high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) are studied numerically using a model that solves the ultrasound acoustic field and the multi-bubble dynamics. The propagation of the nonlinear acoustic waves in the test medium is modeled using the compressible Navier-Stokes equations in a fixed Eulerian grid, while the microbubbles are modeled as discrete flow singularities, which are tracked in a Lagrangian fashion. These two models are intimately coupled such that both the acoustic field and the bubbles influence each other at each time step. The resulting temperature rise in the field is then calculated by solving a heat transfer equation applied over a much longer time scale than the computed high frequency dynamics. Three shell models for the contrast agent are considered, and the effect of each of these models on the heat deposition at the focus is studied. The differences obtained in the bubble dynamics results between the shell models are discussed. The importance of modeling the elasticity of the shell is addressed by comparing the results between Newtonian and non-Newtonian shell models. Next, a parametric study varying the shell properties is carried out, and the relative roles of the shell viscosity and elasticity in affecting the heat deposition are discussed. These observations are then used to give recommendations for the design of innovative contrast agents, specifically for the purpose of obtaining higher heat deposition in bubble enhanced HIFU.

中文翻译:

对比剂壳特性对气泡增强高强度聚焦超声热沉积的影响

使用求解超声声场和多气泡动力学的模型,对超声造影剂的粘弹性壳特性对气泡增强型高强度聚焦超声 (HIFU) 中热沉积的影响进行了数值研究。非线性声波在测试介质中的传播使用固定欧拉网格中的可压缩 Navier-Stokes 方程建模,而微气泡则建模为离散流动奇点,以拉格朗日方式跟踪。这两个模型紧密耦合,因此声场和气泡在每个时间步长都会相互影响。然后通过求解在比计算的高频动力学更长的时间尺度上应用的传热方程来计算现场产生的温升。考虑了造影剂的三个壳模型,并研究了这些模型中的每一个对焦点处热沉积的影响。讨论了壳模型之间气泡动力学结果的差异。通过比较牛顿和非牛顿壳模型之间的结果,说明了对壳弹性建模的重要性。接下来,进行了改变壳属性的参数研究,并讨论了壳粘度和弹性在影响热沉积中的相对作用。然后将这些观察结果用于为创新造影剂的设计提供建议,特别是为了在气泡增强 HIFU 中获得更高的热沉积。并且研究了这些模型中的每一个对焦点处的热沉积的影响。讨论了壳模型之间气泡动力学结果的差异。通过比较牛顿和非牛顿壳模型之间的结果,说明了对壳弹性建模的重要性。接下来,进行了改变壳属性的参数研究,并讨论了壳粘度和弹性在影响热沉积中的相对作用。然后将这些观察结果用于为创新造影剂的设计提供建议,特别是为了在气泡增强 HIFU 中获得更高的热沉积。并且研究了这些模型中的每一个对焦点处的热沉积的影响。讨论了壳模型之间气泡动力学结果的差异。通过比较牛顿和非牛顿壳模型之间的结果,说明了对壳弹性建模的重要性。接下来,进行了改变壳属性的参数研究,并讨论了壳粘度和弹性在影响热沉积中的相对作用。然后将这些观察结果用于为创新造影剂的设计提供建议,特别是为了在气泡增强 HIFU 中获得更高的热沉积。通过比较牛顿和非牛顿壳模型之间的结果,说明了对壳弹性建模的重要性。接下来,进行了改变壳属性的参数研究,并讨论了壳粘度和弹性在影响热沉积中的相对作用。然后将这些观察结果用于为创新造影剂的设计提供建议,特别是为了在气泡增强 HIFU 中获得更高的热沉积。通过比较牛顿和非牛顿壳模型之间的结果,说明了对壳弹性建模的重要性。接下来,进行了改变壳属性的参数研究,并讨论了壳粘度和弹性在影响热沉积中的相对作用。然后将这些观察结果用于为创新造影剂的设计提供建议,特别是为了在气泡增强 HIFU 中获得更高的热沉积。
更新日期:2021-01-20
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