The aim of the study is to compare the qualitative and semi-quantitative profile of the polyphenol fraction purified from the leaf (BLPF) and fruit (BFPF) of bergamot (Citrus bergamia), and to evaluate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. The analytical qualitative profile was carried out by LC-ESI/MS using three different approaches: targeted (searching analytes already reported in bergamot extract), semi-targeted (a selective search of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarate [HMG] derivatives involved in the cholesterol reducing activity of BPF) and untargeted. A total number of 108 compounds were identified by using the three approaches, 100 of which are present in both the extracts thus demonstrating a good qualitative overlapping of polyphenols between the two extracts. The antioxidant activity was higher for BLPF in respect to BFPF but when normalized in respect to the polyphenol content they were almost overlapping. Both the extracts were found to dose dependently inhibit cell inflammation stimulated with IL-1α. In conclusion, the comparison of the qualitative and quantitative profile of polyphenols as well as of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of bergamot leaf and fruit well indicates that leaf is a valid source of bergamot polyphenol extraction and an even richer source of polyphenol in respect to the fruit.

中文翻译：

---

佛手柑果实和叶片中浓缩的多酚馏分的分析特性，抗氧化和抗炎活性

该研究的目的是比较从佛手柑（柑桔）的叶（BLPF）和果实（BFPF）中纯化的多酚馏分的定性和半定量特性。），并评估其抗氧化和抗炎活性。LC-ESI / MS使用以下三种不同方法进行了定性分析：靶向（搜索佛手柑提取物中已报告的分析物），半靶向（选择性搜索涉及到的3-羟基-3-甲基谷氨酸[HMG]衍生物） （BPF的胆固醇降低活性）和非针对性。通过三种方法鉴定出总共108种化合物，两种提取物中均存在100种化合物，因此证明了两种提取物中多酚的定性良好重叠。对于BLPF，抗氧化剂活性相对于BFPF更高，但是当就多酚含量进行标准化时，它们几乎重叠。发现两种提取物均剂量依赖性地抑制IL-1α刺激的细胞炎症。