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Age of consent: challenges and contradictions of sexual violence laws in India
Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters ( IF 5.732 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-22 , DOI: 10.1080/26410397.2021.1878656
Amita Pitre 1 , Lakshmi Lingam 2
Affiliation  

Abstract

India enacted a new child sexual abuse law in 2012 and made important changes to the rape law in 2013 to expand the definition of rape and sexual assault, introduce several reforms and improve gender sensitivity in rape trials. However, the child sexual abuse law with its definition of who is a child has increased the age of consent for sex from 16 years to 18 years, echoed by similar changes in the rape law. This paper revisits the debates on the age of consent in India in the late nineteenth century. It reviews them in the light of the new legislative changes, adjudication of cases of sexual assault, and examines the implications of the new laws on adolescents and their sexuality. We contend that the changes in the law have resulted in several challenges: for adolescents exploring their sexuality on the one hand, and for courts to adjudicate on love, romance, and elopement, on the other. Further, in conjunction with raising the age of consent, other changes such as mandatory reporting of sexual activity among adolescents, especially by hospitals, have increased family control on adolescents’ sexuality and strengthened regressive social norms linked to marriages. One of the most troubling developments is the resulting barriers to adolescents’ access to reproductive and sexual health care. This paper explores how laws devised to address harm and extend protection to children play into dominant social norms and are in the service of protectionist and patriarchal control on young people and their sexuality.



中文翻译:

同意年龄:印度性暴力法的挑战和矛盾

摘要

印度于 2012 年颁布了一项新的儿童性虐待法,并于 2013 年对强奸法进行了重要修改,以扩大强奸和性侵犯的定义,引入多项改革并提高强奸审判中的性别敏感性。然而,儿童性虐待法及其对谁是儿童的定义将同意性行为的年龄从 16 岁提高到 18 岁,强奸法也有类似的变化。本文重温了 19 世纪末印度关于同意年龄的争论。它根据新的立法变化、性侵犯案件的裁决对它们进行审查,并研究新法律对青少年及其性行为的影响。我们认为法律的变化带来了一些挑战:一方面对于探索性行为的青少年来说,另一方面,法院要对爱情、浪漫和私奔作出裁决。此外,在提高同意年龄的同时,其他变化,例如强制报告青少年性活动,尤其是医院,加强了家庭对青少年性行为的控制,并强化了与婚姻相关的倒退社会规范。最令人不安的事态发展之一是青少年获得生殖和性保健的障碍。本文探讨了旨在解决伤害和扩大对儿童的保护的法律如何发挥主导社会规范的作用,以及如何为保护主义和父权制对年轻人及其性行为的控制服务。其他变化,例如强制报告青少年性活动,尤其是医院强制报告,加强了家庭对青少年性行为的控制,并强化了与婚姻相关的倒退社会规范。最令人不安的事态发展之一是青少年获得生殖和性保健的障碍。本文探讨了旨在解决伤害和扩大对儿童的保护的法律如何发挥主导社会规范的作用,以及如何为保护主义和父权制对年轻人及其性行为的控制服务。其他变化,例如强制报告青少年性活动,尤其是医院强制报告,加强了家庭对青少年性行为的控制,并强化了与婚姻相关的倒退社会规范。最令人不安的事态发展之一是青少年获得生殖和性保健的障碍。本文探讨了旨在解决伤害和扩大对儿童的保护的法律如何发挥主导社会规范的作用,以及如何为保护主义和父权制对年轻人及其性行为的控制服务。最令人不安的事态发展之一是青少年获得生殖和性保健的障碍。本文探讨了旨在解决伤害和扩大对儿童的保护的法律如何发挥主导社会规范的作用,以及如何为保护主义和父权制对年轻人及其性行为的控制服务。最令人不安的事态发展之一是青少年获得生殖和性保健的障碍。本文探讨了旨在解决伤害和扩大对儿童的保护的法律如何发挥主导社会规范的作用,以及如何为保护主义和父权制对年轻人及其性行为的控制服务。

更新日期:2021-02-22
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