Ciboria shiraiana causes hypertrophy sorosis scleroteniosis in mulberry trees, resulting in huge economic losses, and exploring its pathogenic mechanism at a genomic level is important for developing new control methods. Here, genome sequencing of C. shiraiana based on PacBio RSII and Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform as well as manual gap filling was performed. Synteny analysis with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum revealed 16 putative chromosomes corresponding to 16 chromosomes of C. shiraiana. Screening of rapid-evolution genes revealed that 97 and 2.4% of genes had undergone purifying selection and positive selection, respectively. When compared with S. sclerotiorum, fewer secreted effector proteins were found in C. shiraiana. The number of genes involved in pathogenicity, including secondary metabolites, carbohydrate active enzymes, and P450s, in the C. shiraiana genome was comparable with that of other necrotrophs but higher than that of biotrophs and saprotrophs. The growth-related genes and plant cell-wall-degradation-related genes in C. shiraiana were expressed in different developmental and infection stages, and may be potential targets for prevention and control of this pathogen. These results provide new insights into C. shiraiana pathogenic mechanisms, especially host range and necrotrophy features, and lay the foundation for further study of the underlying molecular mechanisms.

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西伯利亚香茅（Ciboria shiraiana）会导致桑树肥大性硬化症，导致巨大的经济损失，因此在基因组水平上探索其致病机制对于开发新的防治方法至关重要。在此，基因组测序C. shiraiana基于PacBio RSII和Illumina公司HiSeq 2500平台以及手动间隙填充物进行的。通过菌核菌的同源性分析发现16个假定的染色体对应于C. shiraiana的16个染色体。快速进化基因的筛选表明，分别有97％和2.4％的基因经历了纯化选择和阳性选择。与S.sclerotiorum相比，分泌的效应蛋白较少。C. shiraiana。shiraiana的基因组中涉及致病性的基因数量，包括次生代谢产物，碳水化合物活性酶和P450，与其他坏死菌相当，但高于生化菌和腐生菌。中华假单胞菌的生长相关基因和植物细胞壁降解相关基因在不同的发育和感染阶段表达，可能是预防和控制该病原体的潜在靶标。这些结果提供了对C. shiraiana致病机制，特别是宿主范围和坏死病特征的新见解，并为进一步研究潜在的分子机制奠定了基础。

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