Abstract

Fibreglass, foam, mineral fibres and their composites are the conventional materials used in applications that require absorption of sound. However, due to the health risks associated with the traditional materials, textile fibrous structures are becoming a valid alternative in spite of their comparatively lower sound absorption properties. The existing textile structures and textile structures specifically modified physically or chemically to enhance sound absorption properties have been experimented for better performance in sound-related properties. The fibres have been chemically modified using plasma treatments and alkali treatments, while microfibres, nanofibres, hollow fibres, bicomponent fibres, crimp fibres and aerogel-treated fibres are produced to modify the physical structures of fibres. The basic principle employed in these fibre modifications to enhance sound absorption is the increase of energy dissipation by increasing the fibre surface area, fibre roughness and tortuosity of the material. This article critically reviews the techniques of modifying the fibrous structures to enhance sound absorption properties and their effectiveness. The sound absorption coefficient of natural fibres can be enhanced up to 0.9 in mid and high frequencies by alkali treatments, while the sound absorption coefficients of microfibres, hollow fibres, bicomponent fibres and nanofibres significantly higher than regular fibres.

摘要

玻璃纤维、泡沫、矿物纤维及其复合材料是用于需要吸音的应用中的常规材料。然而，由于与传统材料相关的健康风险，纺织纤维结构正在成为一种有效的替代品，尽管它们的吸声性能相对较低。已经对现有的纺织结构和经过物理或化学改性以增强吸音性能的纺织结构进行了实验，以获得更好的声音相关性能。这些纤维已经使用等离子处理和碱处理进行了化学改性，同时生产了微纤维、纳米纤维、中空纤维、双组分纤维、卷曲纤维和气凝胶处理的纤维以改变纤维的物理结构。在这些纤维改性中用于增强吸声的基本原理是通过增加纤维表面积、纤维粗糙度和材料的曲折度来增加能量耗散。本文批判性地回顾了修改纤维结构以增强吸声性能及其有效性的技术。天然纤维经碱处理后中高频吸声系数可提高至0.9，而超细纤维、中空纤维、双组分纤维和纳米纤维的吸声系数明显高于普通纤维。本文批判性地回顾了修改纤维结构以增强吸声性能及其有效性的技术。天然纤维经碱处理后中高频吸声系数可提高至0.9，而超细纤维、中空纤维、双组分纤维和纳米纤维的吸声系数明显高于普通纤维。本文批判性地回顾了修改纤维结构以增强吸声性能及其有效性的技术。天然纤维经碱处理后中高频吸声系数可提高至0.9，而超细纤维、中空纤维、双组分纤维和纳米纤维的吸声系数明显高于普通纤维。