We provide up-to-date morphological and compositional data on otoliths of the osteoglossomorph Goldeye (Hiodon alosoides). Using computed tomography (CT) X-ray, we documented the location of each of the three pairs of otoliths (lapilli, sagittae, and asterisci) in relation to the swim bladder, which extended forward in close proximity to the sagittae and asterisci. The lappili were the largest otoliths in terms of surface area and volume, but the sagittae were highly modified, appearing spiral in shape when viewed dorsally, with a surface area to volume ratio more than double that of the lapilli. Using scanning electron microscopy, the surface of each otolith was viewable in great detail, and small otoconia (~10.5 μm diameter) were observed on each, but were most numerous on the sagittae. On scanning electron micrographs, the sagittae appeared to be bi-lobed, with asymmetrical lobes each oriented in the same general direction. Using neutron and X-ray diffraction methods, we found three polymorphs of calcium carbonate crystals (aragonite, vaterite, and calcite), sometimes all within the same otolith. However, in general, lapilli and sagittae were composed predominately of aragonite whereas asterisci were composed chiefly of vaterite. With these results, we provide information on a unique species, whose inclusion in future studies would benefit our understanding of fish hearing, fish evolution, and fisheries ecology. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译：

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金眼（Hiodontidae；Hiodon alosoides）耳石的形态和组成

我们提供了有关osteoglossomorph Goldeye（Hiodon alosoides）耳石的最新形态和成分数据。使用计算机断层扫描 (CT) X 射线，我们记录了三对耳石（lapilli、sagittae 和 asterisci）中的每一个相对于鳔的位置，鳔向前延伸到靠近矢状和星状的位置。就表面积和体积而言，耳石是最大的耳石，但矢状面经过高度修饰，从背侧看呈螺旋状，表面积与体积之比是耳石的两倍多。使用扫描电子显微镜，可以非常详细地观察每个耳石的表面，每个耳石上都观察到小的耳石（直径约 10.5 微米），但在矢状面上最多。在扫描电子显微照片上，矢状面似乎是双裂的，不对称的裂片每个都朝向相同的总体方向。使用中子和 X 射线衍射方法，我们发现了碳酸钙晶体的三种多晶型物（文石、球霰石和方解石），有时都在同一个耳石内。然而，一般来说，lapilli 和 sagittae 主要由文石组成，而 asterisci 主要由球霰石组成。通过这些结果，我们提供了一个独特物种的信息，将其纳入未来的研究将有助于我们对鱼类听觉、鱼类进化和渔业生态的理解。本文受版权保护。版权所有。球霰石和方解石），有时都在同一个耳石内。然而，一般来说，lapilli 和 sagittae 主要由文石组成，而 asterisci 主要由球霰石组成。通过这些结果，我们提供了一个独特物种的信息，将其纳入未来的研究将有助于我们对鱼类听觉、鱼类进化和渔业生态的理解。本文受版权保护。版权所有。球霰石和方解石），有时都在同一个耳石内。然而，一般来说，lapilli 和 sagittae 主要由文石组成，而 asterisci 主要由球霰石组成。通过这些结果，我们提供了一个独特物种的信息，将其纳入未来的研究将有助于我们对鱼类听觉、鱼类进化和渔业生态的理解。本文受版权保护。版权所有。本文受版权保护。版权所有。本文受版权保护。版权所有。