Adolescents' involvement in bullying situations is-at least partially-personality trait-activated. Although some studies investigated personality correlates of bullying and being victimized, little is known about personality correlates of bystander responses (i.e., reinforcing, outsider behavior, indirect defending, and direct defending). The present study investigated whether Dutch adolescents' self-reported HEXACO personality traits could explain their peer-reported involvement in bullying (N = 552; Mage = 13.4 years, SD = 0.8 years). The results show that bullying was negatively related to honesty-humility, emotionality, agreeableness (for boys specifically), and openness, whereas reinforcing was only negatively related to honesty-humility and openness. Conversely, direct defending and outsider behavior were positively related to honesty-humility, emotionality, and openness, whereas indirect defending was only positively related to emotionality and openness. Furthermore, reinforcing was positively related to extraversion (for boys only), whereas outsider behavior was negatively related extraversion and positively to conscientiousness. Finally, being victimized was positively related to emotionality and negatively to extraversion. These findings contribute to our understanding of the heterogeneity in adolescents' involvement in bullying and fit the view of bullying and defending as strategic and goal-directed behavior. Implications for bullying prevention programs are discussed.

中文翻译：

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HEXACO 人格与青少年参与欺凌情况的相关性

青少年参与欺凌情况至少部分是由个性特征激活的。尽管一些研究调查了欺凌和受害的人格相关性，但对旁观者反应（即强化、局外人行为、间接防御和直接防御）的人格关联知之甚少。本研究调查了荷兰青少年自我报告的 HEXACO 人格特征是否可以解释他们的同伴报告的欺凌行为（N = 552；Mage = 13.4 岁，SD = 0.8 岁）。结果表明，欺凌与诚实谦逊、情绪化、宜人性（特别是男孩）和开放性呈负相关，而强化仅与诚实谦逊和开放性呈负相关。反过来，直接防御和局外人行为与诚实谦逊、情绪化和开放性呈正相关，而间接防御只与情绪化和开放性呈正相关。此外，强化与外向性呈正相关（仅适用于男孩），而局外人行为与外向性呈负相关，与尽责性呈正相关。最后，受害与情绪正相关，与外向性负相关。这些发现有助于我们理解青少年参与欺凌的异质性，并符合将欺凌和防御视为战略性和目标导向行为的观点。讨论了欺凌预防计划的影响。此外，强化与外向性呈正相关（仅适用于男孩），而局外人行为与外向性呈负相关，与尽责性呈正相关。最后，受害与情绪正相关，与外向性负相关。这些发现有助于我们理解青少年参与欺凌的异质性，并符合将欺凌和防御视为战略性和目标导向行为的观点。讨论了欺凌预防计划的影响。此外，强化与外向性呈正相关（仅适用于男孩），而局外人行为与外向性呈负相关，与尽责性呈正相关。最后，受害与情绪正相关，与外向性负相关。这些发现有助于我们理解青少年参与欺凌的异质性，并符合将欺凌和防御视为战略性和目标导向行为的观点。讨论了欺凌预防计划的影响。这些发现有助于我们理解青少年参与欺凌的异质性，并符合将欺凌和防御视为战略性和目标导向行为的观点。讨论了欺凌预防计划的影响。这些发现有助于我们理解青少年参与欺凌的异质性，并符合将欺凌和防御视为战略性和目标导向行为的观点。讨论了欺凌预防计划的影响。