Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETP) are intended for effective treatment of effluent discharged from industrial clusters aiming to support the small/medium scale industries that are deprived of enough resources and technological ability to treat their effluent individually. The present review discusses various processing steps in a typical CETP and their design considerations. The various drawbacks of existing CETPs have been discussed with the need for requirement of novel treatment techniques for their reformation. The different novel approaches discussed include coagulation-flocculation, advanced oxidation processes like electrochemical oxidation, cavitation, Fenton, ozonation and photocatalysis. Additionally, possible improvements in the biological treatment methods have also been discussed. Possible applications of bioremediation methods like phytoremediation, constructed wetlands, microbial fuel cells, use of fungi and algae have been highlighted. Membrane technologies and physicochemical treatments coupling with biological oxidation have also been described. For each method, involved mechanism involved, recent advances and possible recommendations for operating conditions have been provided. The economic aspects of the effluent treatment have also been discussed to aid the transformation of existing CETPs. Overall, the review clearly brings out the importance novel techniques having potential to be applied in the existing CETPs for their performance enhancement.

普通污水处理厂（CETP）用于有效处理从产业集群中排放的污水，旨在支持那些缺乏足够资源和技术能力来单独处理污水的中小型工业。本评论讨论了典型CETP中的各种处理步骤及其设计注意事项。已经讨论了现有CETP的各种缺点，并需要对其进行改良的新颖治疗技术。讨论的不同新方法包括混凝-絮凝，高级氧化过程，如电化学氧化，空化，Fenton，臭氧化和光催化。另外，还讨论了生物处理方法的可能改进。已经强调了诸如植物修复，人工湿地，微生物燃料电池，真菌和藻类的使用等生物修复方法的可能应用。还描述了与生物氧化结合的膜技术和物理化学处理。对于每种方法，都提供了所涉及的机制，最新进展以及可能的运行条件建议。还讨论了污水处理的经济方面，以帮助现有CETP的转型。总体而言，本次审查清楚地表明了新颖的技术的重要性，这些技术有可能在现有的CETP中应用以增强其性能。还描述了与生物氧化结合的膜技术和物理化学处理。对于每种方法，都提供了所涉及的机制，最新进展以及可能的运行条件建议。还讨论了污水处理的经济方面，以帮助现有CETP的转型。总体而言，本次审查清楚地表明了新颖的技术的重要性，这些技术有可能在现有的CETP中应用以增强其性能。还描述了与生物氧化结合的膜技术和物理化学处理。对于每种方法，都提供了所涉及的机制，最新进展以及可能的运行条件建议。还讨论了污水处理的经济方面，以帮助现有CETP的转型。总体而言，本次审查清楚地表明了新颖的技术的重要性，这些技术有可能在现有的CETP中应用以增强其性能。