Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Besides environmental and genetic changes, these disorders can be influenced by processes which do not affect DNA sequence yet still play an important role in gene expression and which can be inherited. These so-called ‘epigenetic’ changes include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling enzymes, which influence chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Next to these, microRNAs are non-coding RNA molecules that silence genes post-transcriptionally. Both epigenetic factors and microRNAs are known to influence cardiac development and homeostasis, in an individual fashion but also in a complex regulatory network. In this review, we will discuss how epigenetic factors and microRNAs interact with each other and how together they can influence cardiovascular diseases.

心血管疾病是全球死亡的主要原因之一。除了环境和遗传变化外，这些疾病还可能受到不影响 DNA 序列但仍在基因表达中发挥重要作用并且可以遗传的过程的影响。这些所谓的“表观遗传”变化包括 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰和 ATP 依赖性染色质重塑酶，它们会影响染色质重塑和基因表达。除此之外，microRNA 是非编码 RNA 分子，可在转录后沉默基因。众所周知，表观遗传因素和 microRNA 都会以个体方式影响心脏发育和体内平衡，但也会以复杂的调控网络影响心脏发育和体内平衡。在本次审查中，