Abstract

White sugar is the main commodity used to feed honey bees during the off-season as a nectar substitute. However, the price of sugar is increasing every year, thereby making bee keeping an expensive enterprise. Hence, it is necessary to find an alternative bee feed that is cheaper than sugar. The study aims to determine the potential of an alternative bee feed from renewable resources using onion waste (OW), which has a similar sugar composition to that of honey. The OW produces biosugar from in-house produced enzymes at a 90% conversion rate. The efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis increases by more than 2 times after popping pretreatment. Furthermore, a removal rate of 98.5% for sulfur compounds, which caused the distinctive smell of onion, is obtained using a continuous column process with an activated carbon-containing alginate bead (AC-AB) adsorbent. In addition, after popping pretreatment and continuous AC-AB adsorbent column treatment, the feed intake is increased and the mortality is decreased by 3.2 times compared to that of none-popping and desulfurization treatment. Moreover, the combination of alternative feed with pollen decreases the mortality rate to almost 5.4 times. The results clearly demonstrates that OW can be a possible alternative feed source for honey bees.

Graphic Abstract

中文翻译：

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将洋葱废物生物转化为宝贵的生物糖，作为蜜蜂的替代饲料来源

摘要

白糖是淡季期间作为蜜糖替代品喂养蜜蜂的主要商品。然而，糖的价格每年都在上涨，从而使养蜂业成为昂贵的企业。因此，有必要找到一种比糖便宜的替代蜜蜂饲料。这项研究旨在确定使用洋葱废物（OW）制成的可替代资源替代蜜蜂饲料的潜力，洋葱废物的糖成分与蜂蜜相似。OW由内部产生的酶以90％的转化率产生生物糖。爆裂预处理后，酶促水解效率提高了2倍以上。此外，硫化合物的去除率为98.5％，这引起了洋葱的独特气味，使用具有活性炭的藻酸盐微珠（AC-AB）吸附剂的连续色谱柱法可得到C. 此外，爆裂预处理和连续AC-AB吸附柱处理后，与不爆裂和脱硫处理相比，进料量增加，死亡率降低3.2倍。此外，替代饲料与花粉的组合将死亡率降低了近5.4倍。结果清楚地表明，OW可能是蜜蜂的替代饲料来源。替代饲料与花粉的组合可使死亡率降低近5.4倍。结果清楚地表明，OW可能是蜜蜂的替代饲料来源。替代饲料与花粉的组合可使死亡率降低近5.4倍。结果清楚地表明，OW可能是蜜蜂的替代饲料来源。

图形摘要