A new Antarctic fish leech with unique external appearance is described and assigned to the bipolar genus Pterobdellina Bennike & Bruun, 1939. The systematic rank of the latter is elevated from a subgenus of the genus Pterobdella Kaburaki, 1921 to a separate generic level. Pterobdellina vernadskyi sp. nov. bears both marginal fin-like structures and prominent dorsal zigzag folds with an unclear function. Morphologically, the new species resembles its Boreal congener Pterobdellina jenseni Bennike & Bruun, 1939, except having dorsal folds and in some details of its anatomy. The molecular phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial cox1, nad1 and tRNA Leu genes revealed sister relationships of P. vernadskyi sp. nov. to two Antarctic leeches, Trachelobdellina glabra Moore, 1957 and Nototheniobdella sawyeri Utevsky, 1993. Pterobdellina vernadskyi sp. nov. is an abundant large-bodied parasite of the commercial Antarctic toothfish. The new species is currently the deepest Antarctic leech (2600 m), thus exceeding previous records by 1200 m. This new finding suggests that bipolar disjunctions could play a certain role in the evolutionary history of Antarctic piscicolid leeches.

描述了一种新的具有独特外观的南极鱼ech，并将其分配给双极属Pterobdellina Bennike＆Bruun，1939年。后者的系统等级从1921年Pterobdella Kaburaki属的一个属提升到一个单独的通用级别。翼手龙属 十一月 具有边缘鳍状结构和明显的背锯齿状折叠，功能不清楚。从形态上讲，新物种类似于其北方同类动物翼手龙（Pterobdellina jenseni Bennike＆Bruun），1939年，但具有背褶皱和某些解剖学细节。基于线粒体cox1，nad1的分子系统发育分析和tRNA Leu基因揭示了P. vernadskyi sp。的姐妹关系。十一月 到两个南极水，分别是1957年的Trachelobdellina glabra Moore和1993年的Nototheniobdella sawyeri Utevsky 。翼手龙属 十一月 是商业南极牙鱼的丰富大体寄生虫。新物种目前是南极最深的水ech（2600 m），因此比以前的记录超出了1200 m。这一新发现表明，双极分离可以在南极piscicolid水lee的进化史中发挥一定的作用。