Due to their widespread therapeutic and agricultural applicability and usefulness in removing metals and metalloids from water, cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (NPs) are currently receiving increasing attention from researchers. However, their potential phytotoxicity is still poorly understood. Thus, the aim of the current study was to assess the effects of synthesized cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) NPs on biological (morphological, physiological, and biochemical) parameters of edible plant garden-cress (Lepidium sativum L.), depending on particle size and concentrations. In this study, physical characteristics of cobalt ferrite NPs were determined. Increased total content of Co and Fe in L. sativum tissues and their transfer from roots to above-ground parts of seedlings, which depended on the size of NP (15 < 5 < 1.65 nm), indicated that plants had been exposed to Co ferrite NPs. The relative growth of roots, biomass of roots and above-ground parts of seedlings, amounts of chlorophylls a and b, carotenoids, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined. The dependence of the tested garden-cress parameters on the size and concentrations of NPs was revealed. Our data showed that the content of MDA in test plants in some cases increased up to 2.5 folds in comparison to control. The increase of the content of chlorophyll b pigment and MDA in test plants is an appropriate indicator of the impact of cobalt ferrite NPs. The findings of our study into toxicological effects of Co–Fe (CoFe₂O₄) NPs on L. sativum are expected to deepen the knowledge of the nanophytotoxicity of ferromagnetic NPs and their potential application in biomedicine and agriculture.

由于其广泛的治疗和农业应用性以及从水中去除金属和准金属的实用性，钴铁氧体纳米颗粒（NPs）目前正受到研究人员的越来越多的关注。然而，它们潜在的植物毒性仍然知之甚少。因此，本研究的目的是评估合成的铁氧体钴（CoFe ₂ O ₄）NPs对食用植物菜豆（Lepidium sativum L.）的生物学（形态，生理和生化）参数的影响，具体取决于：粒径和浓度。在这项研究中，确定了钴铁氧体纳米颗粒的物理特性。在Co和Fe的增加的总含量L.大蒜组织和它们从根到幼苗的地上部分的转移取决于NP的大小（15 <5 <1.65 nm），表明植物已暴露于Co铁氧体NPs。测定根的相对生长，根的根和幼苗的生物量，叶绿素a和b的含量，类胡萝卜素和丙二醛（MDA）。揭示了测试的花园菜参数对NPs大小和浓度的依赖性。我们的数据表明，在某些情况下，与对照相比，测试植物中MDA的含量增加了2.5倍。受试植物中叶绿素b颜料和MDA含量的增加是钴铁氧体NP影响的适当指标。我们对Co-Fe（CoFe ₂ O _4的毒理作用的研究结果））期望将L. sativum上的NPs加深对铁磁性NPs的纳米植物毒性的了解及其在生物医学和农业中的潜在应用。