Attosecond interferometry (AI) is an experimental technique based on ionizing a system with an attosecond pulse train in the presence of an assisting laser. This assisting laser pulse provides multiple pathways for the photoelectron wave packet to reach the same final states, and interference of these pathways can be used to probe the properties of matter. The mechanism of AI is well-understood for isolated atoms and molecules in the gas phase, but not so much in the condensed phase, especially if the substrate under study is transparent. Then, additional pathways open up for the electron due to (laser-assisted) scattering from neighbouring atoms. We investigate to what extent these additional pathways influence the measured photoionization delays with the help of 1D and 3D model systems. In both cases, we find that the total delay can be expressed as the sum of a local (photoionization) delay and a non-local delay, which contains the effect of electron scattering during transport. The 1D system shows that the non-local delay is an oscillatory function of the distance between the sites where ionization and scattering take place. A similar result is obtained in 3D, but the modulation depth of the non-local delay is found to strongly depend on the effective scattering cross section. We conclude that attosecond interferometry of disordered systems like liquids at low photon energies (20–30 eV) is mainly sensitive to the local delay, i.e. to changes of the photoionization dynamics induced by the immediate environment of the ionized entity, and less to electron scattering during transport through the medium. This conclusion also agrees with the interpretation of recent experimental results.

阿托秒干涉法（AI）是一种实验技术，它基于在辅助激光的情况下将具有阿托秒脉冲序列的系统电离。这种辅助激光脉冲为光电子波包达到相同的最终状态提供了多种途径，这些途径的干扰可用于探测物质的性质。对于气相中孤立的原子和分子，AI的机理是很容易理解的，但在凝聚相中，AI的机理不是很多，特别是如果所研究的底物是透明的。然后，由于来自相邻原子的（激光辅助）散射，电子打开了其他路径。我们借助1D和3D模型系统研究这些附加途径在多大程度上影响了测得的光电离延迟。在这两种情况下 我们发现总延迟可以表示为局部（光电离）延迟和非局部延迟的总和，其中包含传输过程中电子散射的影响。一维系统显示，非局部延迟是发生电离和散射的位点之间距离的振荡函数。在3D中获得了相似的结果，但是发现非局部延迟的调制深度很大程度上取决于有效散射截面。我们得出的结论是，无序系统（如处于低光子能量（20–30 eV）的液体）的阿秒干涉法主要对局部延迟敏感，即对电离实体的直接环境引起的光电离动力学的变化敏感，而对电子散射影响较小在通过介质运输期间。