The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the most damaging pests of crops grown in open field and under protected conditions. Owing to the indiscriminate use of insecticides, whitefly has developed resistance against various insecticides belonging to different chemical groups. Use of microbial biopesticides (entomopathogenic fungi) can be an effective alternate to chemical insecticides. This study was planned for the evaluation of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) formulations, namely, Beauveria bassiana Balsamo (Vuillemin), Lecanicillium lecanii (Zimmerman) Viegas and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin and botanical pesticide, Neem Baan, for the management of different life stages of B. tabaci on parthenocarpic cucumber grown under protected conditions. The liquid formulations of Neem Baan at 10 and 15 ml/l were the most effective (90.7 to 93.3% in eggs, 93.3 to 97.1% in nymphs, and 92.4 to 94.2% reduction in whitefly adults after 3rd spray, respectively) as compared to EPF. Among the EPF, L. lecanii and B. bassiana at 10 and 15 ml/l (80.6 to 86.5% in eggs, 85.7 to 91.5% in nymphs, and 58.5 to 69.2% in whitefly adults after 3rd spray, respectively) were found to be more effective than M. anisopliae at 10 and 15 ml/l (78.4 to 82.8% in eggs, 82.5 to 85.9% in nymphs, and 57.7 to 62.8% in whitefly adults after third spray, respectively) in reducing different life stages of B. tabaci on cucumber. Significantly high yield of cucumber fruits was obtained from the plot where Neem Baan at 10 and 15 ml/l (2337.5 to 2420.8 g/plant) was used. Minimum fruit yield were recorded in untreated control plots. The integration of these biopesticides in the management schedule of the whitefly under protected conditions will enhance the quality and market value of parthenocarpic cucumbers.

中文翻译：

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生物农药对印度在保护环境下生长的单性结实黄瓜的粉虱Bemisia tabaci（Gennadius）（半翅目：Aleyrodidae）的功效

烟粉虱，烟粉虱（Bemisia tabaci，Genn。）（半翅目：Aleyrodidae），是在露天和受保护的条件下种植的农作物中最具破坏性的害虫之一。由于不加选择地使用杀虫剂，粉虱已发展出对属于不同化学族的各种杀虫剂的抗性。使用微生物杀生物剂（昆虫病原性真菌）可以替代化学杀虫剂。该研究计划用于评估昆虫致病性真菌（EPF）制剂，即球孢白僵菌（Vuillemin），球孢白僵菌（Zimmerman）Viegas和金属异形菌（Metschnikoff）Sorokin和植物农药Neem Baan，用于管理不同生活。受保护条件下单性结实黄瓜上烟粉虱的两个阶段。与第三次喷洒相比，Neem Baan的液体制剂以10和15 ml / l的浓度最为有效（卵中成虫的比例分别为90.7％至93.3％，若虫中的比例为93.3％至97.1％，粉虱成虫的减少量为92.4％至94.2％） EPF。在EPF中，发现L. lecanii和B. bassiana分别为10和15 ml / l（卵在第三次喷洒后分别为80.6至86.5％，若虫为85.7至91.5％和粉虱成虫为58.5至69.2％）分别以10和15毫升/升（分别在卵中为78.4％至82.8％，若虫为82.5％至85.9％，在粉虱成虫中为57.7％至62.8％）比异种支原体更有效地减少B的不同生命阶段烟粉黄瓜上。从使用Neem Baan以10和15毫升/升（2337.5至2420.8克/植物）的比例获得的黄瓜果实，产量显着提高。在未处理的对照地块中记录了最小的水果产量。