High sulfate concentrations in industrial effluents as well as solid materials (excavated soils, dredged sediments, etc.) are a major hindrance for circular economy outlooks. SO₄^2- acceptability standards are indeed increasingly restrictive, given the potential outcomes for public health and ecosystems. This literature review deals with the treatment pathways relying on precipitation, adsorption and microbial redox principles. Although satisfactory removal performances can be achieved with each of them, significant yield differences are displayed throughout the bibliography. The challenge here was to identify the parameters leading to this variability and to assess their impact. The precipitation pathway is based on the formation of two main minerals (ettringite and barite). It can lead to total sulfate removal but can also be limited by aqueous wastes chemistry. Stabilizer kinetics of formation and equilibrium are highly constrained by background properties such as pH, Eh, SO₄^2- saturation state and inhibiting metal occurrences. Regarding the adsorption route, sorbents’ intrinsic features such as the q_max parameter govern removal yields. Concerning the microbial pathway, the chemical oxygen demand/SO₄^2- ratio and the hydraulic retention time, which are classically evoked as yield variation factors, appear here to be weakly influential. The effect of these parameters seems to be overridden by the influence of electron donors, which constitute a first order factor of variability. A second order variability can be read according to the nature of these electron donors. Approaches using simple monomers (ethanol lactates, etc.) perform better than those using predominantly ligneous organic matter.

工业废水和固体物质（开挖的土壤，疏dr的沉积物等）中高浓度的硫酸盐是循环经济前景的主要障碍。SO ₄ ²考虑到公共卫生和生态系统的潜在结果，可接受性标准确实越来越严格。这篇文献综述涉及依赖沉淀，吸附和微生物氧化还原原理的治疗途径。尽管每种方法都可以实现令人满意的清除性能，但在整个参考书目中仍显示出明显的产量差异。这里的挑战是确定导致这种可变性的参数并评估其影响。沉淀途径是基于两种主要矿物质（钙矾石和重晶石）的形成。它可以导致全部硫酸盐的去除，但也可能受水性废物化学性质的限制。形成和平衡的稳定剂动力学受到背景特性（例如pH，Eh，SO ₄ ^2-）的高度限制饱和状态并抑制金属的出现。关于吸附途径，吸附剂的固有特征（例如q _max参数）决定着去除率。关于微生物途径，化学上的需氧量/ SO ₄ ^2-比率和水力停留时间，通常被认为是产量变化因素，在这里似乎影响不大。这些参数的影响似乎被电子给体的影响所覆盖，电子给体构成了变化的一级因素。可以根据这些电子供体的性质读取二阶可变性。使用简单单体（乙醇乳酸等）的方法比主要使用木质有机物的方法效果更好。