Point-of-care (POC) tests for antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) could help improve individual adherence. This study sought to define the utility of urine, blood, and buccal swabs as minimally invasive specimens amenable to development of POC tests for ARVs. Urine, dried blood spots (DBS) and buccal swabs were collected from 35 HIV-negative men between 2 and 96 h after a single dose of tenofovir (TFV) alafenamide/emtricitabine (FTC)/elvitegravir (EVG)/cobicistat and darunavir (DRV). ARV concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. High concentrations of FTC, DRV, and TFV were detectable in urine at least 24 h after dosing. FTC, DRV, and EVG remained detectable in DBS at least 24 h postdose. FTC and DRV were detectable on buccal swabs up to 2 and 24 h postdose, respectively. TFV was not detectable in DBS or buccal swabs collected between 2 and 96 h after dosing. Variable distribution of ARVs in minimally invasive specimens highlights the challenge of developing POC assays for recent ARV exposure.

中文翻译：

---

简报：微创标本中抗逆转录病毒药物浓度的评估，以促进即时药物检测的潜在发展

抗逆转录病毒药物 (ARV) 的即时 (POC) 测试有助于提高个人依从性。本研究试图将尿液、血液和口腔拭子的效用定义为微创标本，以用于开发抗逆转录病毒药物的 POC 测试。在单次服用替诺福韦 (TFV) 艾拉酚胺/恩曲他滨 (FTC)/elvitegravir (EVG)/cobicistat 和地瑞那韦 (DRV) 后 2 至 96 小时，从 35 名 HIV 阴性男性中收集尿液、干血斑 (DBS) 和口腔拭子). 通过高效液相色谱-质谱法测量 ARV 浓度。给药后至少 24 小时可在尿液中检测到高浓度的 FTC、DRV 和 TFV。FTC、DRV 和 EVG 在给药后至少 24 小时仍可在 DBS 中检测到。FTC 和 DRV 分别在服药后 2 小时和 24 小时在口腔拭子上检测到。在给药后 2 至 96 小时收集的 DBS 或口腔拭子中未检测到 TFV。微创标本中 ARV 的可变分布突出了针对近期 ARV 暴露开发 POC 检测的挑战。