Secondary raw materials (SRMs) tend to be a valuable replacement for finite virgin materials especially since construction works (i.e., building and civil engineering work such as road construction) require vast quantities of raw materials. Using SRM originating from recycling a broad range of inorganic waste materials (e.g., mining waste, different industrial wastes, construction, and demolition waste) has been recognized as a promising, generally more cost-efficient, and environmentally friendly alternative to the exploitation of natural resources. Despite the benefits of using SRM, several challenges need to be addressed before using SRM even more. One of them is the long-term durability and little-known response of construction works built using such alternative materials. In this paper, we present the activities to establish a fully functioning digital twin (DT) of a road constructed using SRM. The first part of the paper is devoted to the theoretical justification of efforts and ways of establishing the monitoring systems, followed by a DT case study where an integrated data environment synthesizing a Building Information Model and monitored data is presented. Although the paper builds upon a small scale, the case study is methodologically designed to allow parallels to be drawn with much larger construction projects.

中文翻译：

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数字孪生和使用二次原材料的道路建设

次生原材料（SRM）往往是有限原始材料的有价值的替代品，尤其是因为建筑工程（即，建筑和土木工程，例如道路建设）需要大量的原材料。使用源自回收多种无机废料（例如采矿废料，不同的工业废料，建筑和拆除废料）的SRM被认为是一种有前途的，通常更具成本效益的，对环境无害的天然开采方法。资源。尽管使用SRM有很多好处，但是在使用SRM之前，还需要解决一些挑战。其中之一是使用这种替代材料建造的建筑工程的长期耐久性和鲜为人知的响应。在本文中，我们介绍了建立使用SRM构建的道路的功能完备的数字孪生（DT）的活动。本文的第一部分致力于建立监测系统的努力和方法的理论论证，随后是DT案例研究，其中介绍了综合数据环境，该环境综合了建筑信息模型和监测数据。尽管本文建立在很小的规模上，但案例研究是从方法论上设计的，以允许对大型工程进行平行绘制。接下来是DT案例研究，其中介绍了综合了建筑信息模型和监控数据的集成数据环境。尽管本文建立在很小的规模上，但案例研究是从方法论上设计的，以允许对大型工程进行平行绘制。接下来是DT案例研究，其中介绍了综合了建筑信息模型和监控数据的集成数据环境。尽管本文建立在很小的规模上，但案例研究是在方法论上进行设计的，以允许对大型工程进行平行绘制。