Published studies show that most of the human cancer xenograft studies in zebrafish embryos have used incubation temperatures in the range of 32–34 °C for 3–6 days post-injection, trying to find a compromise temperature between the zebrafish embryos (28 °C) and the human injected cells (37 °C). While this experimental setup is widely used, a question remains: is possible to overcome the drawbacks caused by a suboptimal temperature for the injected cells? To clarify the effect of temperature and injected cells on the host, in this study, we analyzed the development and health of the last in response to different temperatures in the presence or absence of injected human cancer cells. Comparing different incubation temperatures (28, 34 and 36 °C), we determined morphological abnormalities and developmental effects in injected and non-injected embryos at different time points. Besides this, the expression of selected genes was determined by qPCR to determine temperature affected metabolic processes in the embryos. The results indicate that an incubation temperature of 36 °C during a period of 48 h is suitable for xenotransplantation without morphological or metabolic changes that could be affecting the host or the injected cells, allowing them to proliferate near their optimal temperature.

中文翻译：

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斑马鱼与人类癌细胞异种移植物的高孵育温度引起的形态异常和基因表达变化

已发表的研究表明，大多数对斑马鱼胚胎进行的人类癌症异种移植研究在注射后 3-6 天内使用了 32-34°C 范围内的孵化温度，试图在斑马鱼胚胎（28°C ) 和人类注射的细胞 (37 °C)。虽然这种实验装置被广泛使用，但一个问题仍然存在：是否有可能克服注射细胞的次优温度引起的缺点？为了阐明温度和注射的细胞对宿主的影响，在本研究中，我们分析了在注射的人类癌细胞存在或不存在的情况下，最后一个响应于不同温度的发育和健康状况。比较不同的孵化温度（28、34 和 36 °C），我们确定了不同时间点注射和非注射胚胎的形态异常和发育影响。除此之外，选定基因的表达通过 qPCR 确定，以确定温度影响胚胎中的代谢过程。结果表明，36 °C 的孵育温度在 48 小时内适合异种移植，而不会影响宿主或注射细胞的形态或代谢变化，使它们能够在接近最佳温度的情况下增殖。