Antimicrobials have allowed medical advancements over several decades. However, the continuous emergence of antimicrobial resistance restricts efficacy in treating infectious diseases. In this context, the drug repositioning of already known biological active compounds to antimicrobials could represent a useful strategy. In 2002 and 2003, the SARS-CoV pandemic immobilized the Far East regions. However, the drug discovery attempts to study the virus have stopped after the crisis declined. Today’s COVID-19 pandemic could probably have been avoided if those efforts against SARS-CoV had continued. Recently, a new coronavirus variant was identified in the UK. Because of this, the search for safe and potent antimicrobials and antivirals is urgent. Apart from antiviral treatment for severe cases of COVID-19, many patients with mild disease without pneumonia or moderate disease with pneumonia have received different classes of antibiotics. Diarylureas are tyrosine kinase inhibitors well known in the art as anticancer agents, which might be useful tools for a reposition as antimicrobials. The first to come onto the market as anticancer was sorafenib, followed by some other active molecules. For this interesting class of organic compounds antimicrobial, antiviral, antithrombotic, antimalarial, and anti-inflammatory properties have been reported in the literature. These numerous properties make these compounds interesting for a new possible pandemic considering that, as well as for other viral infections also for CoVID-19, a multitarget therapeutic strategy could be favorable. This review is meant to be an overview on diarylureas, focusing on their biological activities, not dwelling on the already known antitumor activity. Quite a lot of papers present in the literature underline and highlight the importance of these molecules as versatile scaffolds for the development of new and promising antimicrobials and multitarget agents against new pandemic events.

中文翻译：

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Diarylureas：从抗肿瘤药到抗微生物药或针对新流行病的多靶标药物重新定位

抗菌剂已使医学发展了几十年。然而，抗药性的持续出现限制了治疗传染病的功效。在这种情况下，将已知的生物活性化合物重新定位为抗菌药物可能代表了一种有用的策略。在2002年和2003年，SARS-CoV大流行使远东地区无法动弹。但是，在危机减轻后，停止研究病毒的药物发现尝试已经停止。如果继续进行抗击SARS-CoV的努力，今天的COVID-19大流行或许可以避免。最近，在英国发现了一种新的冠状病毒变种。因此，迫切需要寻找安全有效的抗菌剂和抗病毒剂。除了针对重症COVID-19的抗病毒治疗外，许多无肺炎的轻度疾病患者或中度肺炎的疾病患者接受了不同种类的抗生素。二芳基脲是酪氨酸激酶抑制剂，在本领域中是众所周知的抗癌剂，它可能是重新定位为抗微生物剂的有用工具。作为抗癌剂的第一个进入市场的药物是索拉非尼，然后是其他一些活性分子。对于这类有趣的有机化合物，已有文献报道了其抗微生物，抗病毒，抗血栓形成，抗疟和抗炎特性。考虑到考虑到以及针对CoVID-19的其他病毒感染，多靶点治疗策略可能是有利的，这些众多特性使这些化合物对于新的可能的大流行病很有趣。这篇评论旨在概述二芳基脲，专注于它们的生物学活性，而不是专注于已知的抗肿瘤活性。文献中有大量论文强调并强调了这些分子作为多功能支架对于开发新的和有希望的抗微生物药以及针对新的大流行病的多靶标药物的重要性。