The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess prevalence, etiology, and association with mortality of MDR bacteria in older adult patients before and after the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. An observational retrospective study was conducted in two geriatric wards of the Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, Fano, and of the INRCA, IRCCS, Ancona, in the Marche Region, Italy, from December 2019 to February 2020 and from May to July 2020. A total of 73 patients (mean age 87.4 ± 5.9, 27.4% men) and 83 cultures (36 pre-COVID-19 and 47 post-COVID-19) were considered. Overall, 46 cultures (55.4%) reported MDR bacteria (50% in pre- and 59.6% in post-COVID-19 period, p = 0.384). MDR bacteria in bloodstream significantly increased in post-COVID-19 period (68.8% vs. 40.0% p = 0.038) and MDR bacteria in urine did not change (51.6 vs. 54.8%, p = 0.799). Escherichia coli was the main MDR bacterium in pre-COVID-19, p = 0.082 and post-COVID-19, p = 0.026. Among patients with MDR infection, in-hospital mortality was 37.5% and 68.8% in pre- and post-COVID-19, respectively (p = 0.104), and mortality at 30 days was higher in post-COVID-19 period (78.9% vs. 27.3%, p = 0.012). An increased number of MDR bacteria in bloodstream and mortality after MDR infection have been observed in the post-COVID-19 period.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19爆发前后住院的老年患者的多药耐药细菌感染：来自两个老年病房的回顾性观察研究的结果

COVID-19大流行对耐多药（MDR）细菌的影响尚不清楚。这项研究的目的是评估在意大利首次发生COVID-19大流行高峰之前和之后，成年患者中MDR细菌的患病率，病因以及与死亡率的关系。从2019年12月至2020年2月以及从2020年5月至2020年2月，在意大利马尔凯地区的法诺的Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord和IRCCS，IRCCS，安科纳的两个老年病房进行了观察性回顾性研究。总共考虑了73名患者（平均年龄87.4±5.9，男性27.4％）和83种文化（36种在COVID-19之前和47种在COVID-19之后）。总体而言，有46种文化（55.4％）报告了MDR细菌（COVID-19之前为50％，COVID-19之后为59.6％，p= 0.384）。在COVID-19后期间，血液中的MDR细菌显着增加（68.8％对40.0％，p = 0.038），尿液中的MDR细菌没有变化（51.6对54.8％，p = 0.799）。大肠杆菌是COVID-19之前的主要MDR细菌，p = 0.082，COVID-19之后的主要MDR细菌，p = 0.026。在MDR感染的患者中，COVID-19之前和之后的院内死亡率分别为37.5％和68.8％（p = 0.104），而COVID-19以后30天的死亡率更高（78.9％）与27.3％，p = 0.012）。在COVID-19之后的时期中，已经观察到血液中MDR细菌数量的增加以及MDR感染后的死亡率。