This study used high‐frequency acoustic instruments mounted on an offshore observation platform to obtain simultaneous in situ measurements of sea surface winds and ocean currents. The acquired data were used to compare quantitatively the turbulent Reynolds stress in the ocean surface boundary layer (OSBL) and the wind stress over the sea surface. During the study period (∼10 d), the sea state was largely dominated by swell and breaking wind waves. The eddy covariance method was used to estimate the two stresses. A combination of the synchrosqueezed wavelet transform (SWT) method and a moving average was employed for wave‐turbulence decomposition of the oceanic velocities. Results showed that the turbulent Reynolds stress in the OSBL is affected greatly by surface gravity waves and that it scales with the wave characteristics. Direct comparison revealed that the turbulent Reynolds stress in the OSBL could be larger than the wind stress in certain circumstances, which differs from the traditional view that the former cannot be greater than the latter. In certain extreme cases, their ratio can be up to one order of magnitude. Therefore, we conclude that surface waves can enhance significantly the turbulent Reynolds stress in the OSBL.

中文翻译：

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同时观测海面边界层的雷诺湍流应力和海面的风应力

这项研究使用了安装在离岸观测平台上的高频声学仪器，以获得海面风和洋流的同步原位测量。所获取的数据用于定量比较海面边界层（OSBL）中的湍流雷诺应力和海面之上的风应力。在研究期间（约10 d），海面主要由海浪和阵风控制。涡度协方差方法用于估计两个应力。同步压缩小波变换（SWT）方法和移动平均值相结合被用于海洋速度的波湍流分解。结果表明，OSBL中的湍流雷诺应力受表面重力波的影响很大，并且随波的特性成比例增加。直接比较表明，在某些情况下，OSBL中的雷诺应力可能大于风应力，这与传统观点不同，后者认为前者不能大于后者。在某些极端情况下，它们的比率可能高达一个数量级。因此，我们得出结论，表面波可以显着增强OSBL中的湍流雷诺应力。