Dematiaceous hyphomycetes (DH) are darkly pigmented fungi ubiquitously found all over the world as plant pathogens and saprophytes, and many of the members of this group have emerged as opportunistic pathogens. These fungi are responsible for a wide variety of infections including mycotic keratitis, which is considered as one of the major causes of corneal blindness, particularly in tropical and subtropical countries with an annual global burden of about 1 000 000 patients. The infection is more common in workers working in an outdoor environment. Moreover, trauma is found to be the most important predisposing cause of mycotic keratitis. Considerable delay in diagnosis and scarcity of effective pharmacological drugs are the major factors responsible for increased morbidity and visual impairment. Considering the crucial role of DH in mycotic keratitis, in the present review, we have focused on major DH with special emphasis on their pathogenicity, diagnosis and treatment strategies.

中文翻译：

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暗色丝状菌引起的真菌性角膜炎研究进展

暗色丝状菌 (DH) 是作为植物病原体和腐生菌在世界各地普遍存在的深色真菌，并且该组的许多成员已作为条件病原体出现。这些真菌导致多种感染，包括真菌性角膜炎，它被认为是角膜失明的主要原因之一，特别是在热带和亚热带国家，每年全球约有 1 000 000 名患者。这种感染在户外环境中工作的工人中更为常见。此外，外伤被认为是真菌性角膜炎的最重要诱因。诊断的大量延迟和有效药理学药物的缺乏是导致发病率和视力障碍增加的主要因素。