Ambivalent sexism and related issues such as rape myths and gendered social norms serve to maintain structural gender inequalities. Exploring the implications of benevolent and hostile sexism separately in social practice, such as retaliatory acts in honour cultures, is essential for understanding gender‐based violence and inequalities. Although a vast majority of research focused on direct and interpersonal aggressive response or retaliatory acts against the honour threat in honour cultures, little is known about subtler collective social processes in honour‐damaging situations. To address the gap in our understanding of how retaliatory responses are carried out against honour threat in a subtler and collective way, we focused on the rising demands for reinstatement of the death penalty to stop the increased rates of sexual violence in Turkey as a collective retaliatory response against honour‐threat. To test this argument, we conducted a survey study with 450 participants to examine the role of ambivalent sexism, the gendered norms of honour culture, and rape myths in supporting the death penalty for rape offenders in Turkey. The results indicate that ambivalent sexism and honour culture's gendered norms predicted support for capital punishment. Furthermore, hostile sexism moderated the relationship between rape myth acceptance and support for death penalty. We find that individuals who have high hostile sexism and strong rape myth acceptance do not support capital punishment. These findings contribute to our understanding of the social mechanisms related to hostile and benevolent sexism which results in support for the death penalty in Turkey.

中文翻译：

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支持对强奸罪犯进行死刑，以集体打击名誉威胁

歧义的性别歧视以及诸如强奸神话和性别社会规范之类的相关问题有助于维持结构性的性别不平等。分别探讨仁慈和敌对性别歧视在社会实践中的意义，例如荣誉文化中的报复行为，对于理解基于性别的暴力和不平等至关重要。尽管绝大多数研究集中在针对荣誉文化中对荣誉威胁的直接和人际上的积极反应或报复行为，但对于在损害荣誉的情况下微妙的集体社会过程知之甚少。为了解决我们对如何以微妙和集体的方式对名誉威胁采取报复措施的理解的差距，我们将重点放在为恢复死刑而不断增加的要求上，以阻止土耳其的性暴力事件增加，以此作为对荣誉威胁的集体报复性应对措施。为了检验这一论点，我们对450名参与者进行了一项调查研究，研究了矛盾的性别歧视，性别荣誉文化规范以及强奸神话在支持土耳其对强奸罪犯判处死刑方面的作用。结果表明，矛盾的性别歧视和荣誉文化的性别规范预示了对死刑的支持。此外，敌对的性别歧视缓和了强奸神话的接受与死刑支持之间的关系。我们发现，具有高度敌意的性别歧视和强烈的强奸神话接受度的个人不支持死刑。