Growing evidence points out the importance of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including hypertension, myocardial infarct (MI), ischemia, cardiomyopathies (CMs), heart failure (HF), and atherosclerosis. In this regard, intensive research efforts both in humans and in animal models of CVDs are being focused on the characterization of the pathophysiological role of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in CVDs. In addition, clinical and preclinical evidence is coming to light that the pharmacological blockade of NLRP3 pathways with drugs, including novel chemical entities as well as drugs currently employed in the clinical practice, biologics and phytochemicals, could represent a suitable therapeutic approach for prevention and management of CVDs. On these bases, the present review article provides a comprehensive overview of clinical and preclinical studies about the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathophysiology of CVDs, including hypertension, MI, ischemic injury, CMs, HF and atherosclerosis. In addition, particular attention has been focused on current evidence on the effects of drugs, biologics, and phytochemicals, targeting different steps of inflammasome signaling, in CVDs.

中文翻译：

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NLRP3 炎症小体在心血管疾病中的病理生理学和药理学意义

越来越多的证据指出核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域富含亮氨酸重复序列和含吡喃结构域的蛋白 3 (NLRP3) 炎症小体在心血管疾病 (CVD) 发病机制中的重要性，包括高血压、心肌梗塞 (MI)、缺血、心肌病。 CM)、心力衰竭 (HF) 和动脉粥样硬化。在这方面，在人类和 CVD 动物模型中的深入研究工作都集中在 NLRP3 炎症小体信号在 CVD 中的病理生理作用的表征上。此外，临床和临床前证据表明药物对 NLRP3 通路的药理学阻断，包括新的化学实体以及目前临床实践中使用的药物、生物制剂和植物化学物质，可以代表预防和管理 CVD 的合适治疗方法。在这些基础上，本综述文章全面概述了关于 NLRP3 炎症小体在 CVD 病理生理学中的作用的临床和临床前研究，包括高血压、MI、缺血性损伤、CM、HF 和动脉粥样硬化。此外，目前关于药物、生物制剂和植物化学物质在 CVD 中针对炎症小体信号传导的不同步骤的影响的证据特别受到关注。