The ability to create one-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials with precisely controlled dimensions and compositions enable investigation into the relationship between their 1D structure and intriguing properties. However, it remains challenging to develop a general approach for producing robust 1D nanomaterials of different aspect ratios. Here, we report the crafting of hairy 1D carbon nanotube (CNT)/polymer/Au nanocomposites with tunable length by capitalizing on rationally-designed amphiphilic, crosslinkable triblock copolymers as nanoreactors. Specifically, poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(acrylic acid)-block-poly(4-vinylbenzylazide-co-styrene) triblock copolymer (denoted PEG-b-PAA-b-(PVBA-co-PS)) with a well-controlled molecular weight of each block is synthesized and exploited to ligate on CNT via strong π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions. Subsequent crosslinking of PVBA blocks via UV irradiation, followed by the introduction of Au precursors, leads to the formation of PEG-capped 1D CNT/crosslinked PVBA-co-PS/Au (i.e., core/shell 1/shell 2) nanocomposites. In stark contrast to conventional methods for yielding CNT-based 1D nanomaterials, our amphiphilic crosslinkable block copolymer nanoreactor strategy circumvents the alteration and/or destruction of intrinsic properties of CNT. The thickness of the outer Au shell anchored on CNT is dictated by the length of PAA blocks. Furthermore, the plasmonic property of 1D CNT/crosslinked PVBA-co-PS/Au nanocomposites can be tailored by selective separation via centrifugation. The resulting hydrophilic 1D CNT/crosslinked PVBA-co-PS/Au nanocomposite demonstrates improved catalytic activity over the Au nanoparticle counterpart. This strategy can be readily extended to construct other appealing low-dimensional hybrid nanomaterials of interest for diverse applications including sensors, catalysis, energy conversion and storage, etc.

创建具有精确控制的尺寸和成分的一维（1D）纳米材料的能力使人们能够研究其一维结构与有趣特性之间的关系。然而，开发用于生产不同纵横比的坚固的一维纳米材料的通用方法仍然具有挑战性。在这里，我们通过利用合理设计的两亲，可交联三嵌段共聚物作为纳米反应器，报道了具有可调长度的毛状一维碳纳米管（CNT）/聚合物/金纳米复合材料的制备。具体地，聚（乙二醇） -嵌段-聚（丙烯酸） -嵌段-聚（4- vinylbenzylazide -共-苯乙烯）三嵌段共聚物（PEG-表示b -PAA- b合成了具有良好控制的每个嵌段分子量的-（PVBA-co-PS）），并利用其通过强大的π-π堆积和疏水相互作用在CNT上连接。随后通过紫外线辐射使PVBA嵌段交联，然后引入Au前体，导致形成PEG封端的1D CNT /交联的PVBA-co-PS / Au（即核/壳1 /壳2）纳米复合材料。与生产基于CNT的一维纳米材料的常规方法形成鲜明对比的是，我们的两亲性可交联嵌段共聚物纳米反应器策略规避了CNT固有特性的改变和/或破坏。锚定在CNT上的Au外壳的厚度由PAA嵌段的长度决定。此外，一维CNT /交联的PVBA-co-PS / Au纳米复合材料的等离子体性能可通过离心选择性分离来定制。所得的亲水性1D CNT /交联的PVBA-co-PS / Au纳米复合材料表现出比Au纳米粒子对应物更高的催化活性。可以很容易地扩展此策略，以构建感兴趣的其他有吸引力的低维杂化纳米材料，以用于包括传感器，催化，能量转换和存储等在内的各种应用。