In the development of deep underground engineering operations, the surrounding rock is prone to large deformation, rockbursting, and other major engineering disasters. Pressure-relief blasting can improve the stress field in a deep rock mass and prevent the occurrence of roadway collapse. Based on the excavation of the Sandaoshan Mine, ANSYS/LS-DYNA dynamic finite element software is used to simulate the damage and fracture area in the surrounding rock of the roadway under three types of pressure-relief blasting schemes. The strength of the rock mass in the damaged area is reduced, and then the ground stress balance calculation is conducted. The stability of the surrounding rock rock a deep roadway is compared and analysed from aspects of stress and energy and it is verified by theoretical calculation of impact energy factor. The research results show that the non-penetrating fracture zone formed by pressure-relief blasting will increase the stress concentration of the surrounding rock of the roadway, which is more unfavourable to engineering safety. When a reasonable blasting scheme is designed to form a penetrating fracture zone in the surrounding rock of roadway, the concentrated high ground stress in the surrounding rock can be transferred to the deeper part of the rock mass, thereby reducing the elastic strain energy, reducing the risk of a rockburst. Pressure-relief blasting increases the rock mass quality in the failure zone formed by excavation, and reduces the impact energy factor k. When k decreases below the energy threshold, it can prevent rockbursting and ensure the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway.

在深层地下工程作业的发展中，围岩容易发生大变形，爆裂和其他重大工程灾害。泄压爆破可以改善深部岩体的应力场，并防止巷道坍塌的发生。基于三道山矿的开挖，运用ANSYS / LS-DYNA动态有限元软件对三种泄压爆破方案对巷道围岩的破坏破坏区域进行了模拟。降低受损区域的岩体强度，然后进行地应力平衡计算。从应力和能量两个方面对深部巷道围岩的稳定性进行了比较分析，并通过冲击能量因数的理论计算进行了验证。研究结果表明，泄压爆破形成的非穿透性裂缝带会增加巷道围岩的应力集中，不利于工程安全。当设计合理的爆破方案以在巷道围岩中形成穿透性破裂带时，围岩中集中的高地应力可以转移到岩体的较深部分，从而降低了弹性应变能，从而减小了发生爆炸危险。泄压爆破提高了开挖形成的破坏区的岩体质量，并降低了冲击能量因数k。当k降低到能量阈值以下时，可以防止岩爆并确保巷道围岩的稳定性。