Future renewable energy integrated grid systems require rechargeable batteries with low cost, high safety, and long cycle life. The much higher abundance of sodium and potassium compared to lithium in earth crust indicates that rechargeable sodium and potassium batteries are attractive replacements for lithium-ion batteries. Rechargeable potassium batteries have gained tremendous attention during the past decade. However, the development of rechargeable potassium batteries is still in its infancy. This review summarizes the recent technological developments in rechargeable potassium batteries. First, we summarize the latest achievements of active materials design, mechanistic understanding, and exploration of new active materials. We propose new directions in tuning the architecture and enhancing the electrochemical performances of high-performance anodes and cathodes. Second, we also summarize the advances that have been achieved in the new configurations of rechargeable potassium battery systems (potassium-ion capacitors, potassium dual ion batteries, potassium-sulfur batteries, and potassium-oxygen batteries). Finally, we propose future directions and design strategies that could be employed to advance rechargeable potassium batteries toward commercial applications.

未来的可再生能源集成电网系统需要具有低成本，高安全性和长循环寿命的可充电电池。与地壳中的锂相比，钠和钾的丰度要高得多，这表明可充电的钠和钾电池是锂离子电池的有吸引力的替代品。在过去的十年中，可充电钾电池获得了极大的关注。但是，可充电钾电池的开发仍处于起步阶段。这篇综述总结了可充电钾电池的最新技术发展。首先，我们总结了活性材料设计的最新成果，对机械的理解以及对新型活性材料的探索。我们提出了新的方向，以调整高性能阳极和阴极的体系结构并增强其电化学性能。其次，我们还总结了可充电钾电池系统（钾离子电容器，钾双离子电池，钾硫电池和钾氧电池）的新配置所取得的进展。最后，我们提出了可用于将可再充电钾电池推向商业应用的未来方向和设计策略。