Most blood components for transfusions are irradiated ex vivo to prevent transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GvHD); this irradiation can potentially affect the cytogenetic dose assessment of patients showing acute radiation syndrome (ARS) with bone marrow suppression or acute anaemia. Whole blood samples from five donors were irradiated with 0, 10 or 25 Gy γ-rays. The mitotic activity of each cultured blood sample was measured by calculating the mitotic index. A dicentric chromosome assay was used to evaluate the chromosomal aberrations and absorbed dose of blood lymphocytes. Mitogenic activity and scorable metaphase spreads were significantly decreased in the blood samples irradiated with 10 and 25 Gy (p < 0.001). Moreover, a significant increase in the mean scores of all types of chromosomal aberrations in the 10 Gy γ-irradiated samples was observed, with the estimated dose being 11.3 Gy (95% CI: 10.67–11.95 Gy); however, we were unable to estimate the exposure dose in the 25 Gy γ-irradiated samples due to a limited number of scorable metaphase spreads. The mitotic index of the 25 Gy γ-irradiated whole blood samples was significantly suppressed by more than 4-log fold. Thus, in the present study, we evaluated the effects of recommended radiation doses in γ-irradiated transplantation blood components using cytogenetic dosimetry. These results suggest that the partial transfusion of blood components to patients with ARS or acute anaemia did not compromise the estimation of the exposure dose using cytogenetic dosimetry.

大多数用于输血的血液成分都经过离体辐照，以预防输血相关的移植物抗宿主病 (TA-GvHD)；这种辐照可能会影响对患有骨髓抑制或急性贫血的急性放射综合征 (ARS) 患者的细胞遗传学剂量评估。用 0、10 或 25 Gy γ 射线照射来自五名献血者的全血样本。通过计算有丝分裂指数来测量每个培养血样的有丝分裂活性。双着丝粒染色体测定用于评估血液淋巴细胞的染色体畸变和吸收剂量。经 10 和 25 Gy 照射的血样中的有丝分裂活性和可评分的中期扩散显着降低（p< 0.001)。此外，观察到 10 Gy γ 照射样品中所有类型染色体畸变的平均得分显着增加，估计剂量为 11.3 Gy（95% CI：10.67–11.95 Gy）；然而，由于可评分的中期扩散数量有限，我们无法估计 25 Gy γ 辐照样品的暴露剂量。25 Gy γ 辐照全血样品的有丝分裂指数显着降低了 4-log 倍以上。因此，在本研究中，我们使用细胞遗传学剂量测定法评估了推荐辐射剂量对 γ 辐照移植血液成分的影响。这些结果表明，向 ARS 或急性贫血患者部分输血不会影响使用细胞遗传学剂量测定法估计暴露剂量。