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A novel assessment of microstructural and mechanical behaviour of bilayer silica-reinforced nanocomposite hydrogels as a candidate for artificial cartilage
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104333
Mohammad Mostakhdemin , Ashveen Nand , Maziar Ramezani

The complex structure of healthy articular cartilage facilitates the joint withstanding the imposed pressures and retaining interstitial fluid to lessen stresses on its soft tissue, while easing the locomotion and minimising friction between cartilage mates. Avascular nature of this tissue results in unrecoverable damaged lesions and severe pain over time. Polymeric hydrogels are promising candidate materials for the replacement of the damaged cartilage. Hence, a tough bilayer nanocomposite acrylamide-acrylic acid hydrogel reinforced with silica nanoparticles (SNPs) was designed and synthesised. The mechanical characterisations showed a significant increase in compressive strength up to 1.4 MPa and doubled elastic modulus (240 kPa) by utilising only 0.6 wt% SNPs compared to the non-reinforced hydrogel. The optimum amounts of monomers and SNPs resulted in the compression of samples up to 85% strain without failure. Viscoelastic responses improved as the stress relaxation lessened to half in all nanocomposite hydrogels. Diffusion rate theory was applied, and the results showed to what extent elastic modulus results in an improvement in stress relaxation. The proposed hydrogel formulation exhibited the poroelastic relaxation occurred before viscoelastic relaxation at the time elapses under stress relaxation tests. SEM images showed uniform funnel-like porosity with 570 μm thick lubricious layer, which is an important feature to retain interstitial fluid. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was conducted to characterise the elemental composition within the polymeric macrostructure.



中文翻译:

双层硅胶增强纳米复合水凝胶作为人工软骨候选物的微观结构和力学行为的新型评估

健康的关节软骨的复杂结构有助于关节承受施加的压力并保留组织液,以减轻其软组织上的压力,同时减轻运动并最大程度地减少软骨伴侣之间的摩擦。随着时间的流逝,该组织的无血管性质导致无法恢复的受损病变和严重疼痛。聚合物水凝胶是用于替代受损软骨的有前途的候选材料。因此,设计并合成了一种用二氧化硅纳米粒子(SNPs)增强的坚韧的双层纳米复合丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸水凝胶。机械性能表明,与未增强的水凝胶相比,仅利用0.6 wt%的SNP可以使抗压强度显着提高至1.4 MPa,并且弹性模量(240 kPa)翻倍。单体和SNP的最佳用量可将样品压缩至高达85%的应变而不会失败。在所有纳米复合水凝胶中,应力松弛减小到一半时,粘弹性响应得到改善。应用扩散速率理论,结果表明弹性模量在多大程度上改善了应力松弛。所提出的水凝胶制剂在应力松弛试验下,在经历了粘弹性松弛之前表现出了孔隙弹性松弛。SEM图像显示出均匀的漏斗状孔隙,具有570μm厚的润滑层,这是保留组织液的重要特征。进行了能量色散X射线光谱分析,以表征聚合物宏观结构中的元素组成。在所有纳米复合水凝胶中,应力松弛减小到一半时,粘弹性响应得到改善。应用扩散速率理论,结果表明弹性模量在多大程度上改善了应力松弛。所提出的水凝胶制剂在应力松弛试验下,在经历了粘弹性松弛之前表现出了孔隙弹性松弛。SEM图像显示出均匀的漏斗状孔隙,具有570μm厚的润滑层,这是保留组织液的重要特征。进行了能量色散X射线光谱分析,以表征聚合物宏观结构中的元素组成。在所有纳米复合水凝胶中,应力松弛减小到一半时,粘弹性响应得到改善。应用扩散速率理论,结果表明弹性模量在多大程度上改善了应力松弛。所提出的水凝胶制剂在应力松弛试验下,在经历了粘弹性松弛之前表现出了孔隙弹性松弛。SEM图像显示出均匀的漏斗状孔隙,具有570μm厚的润滑层,这是保留组织液的重要特征。进行了能量色散X射线光谱分析,以表征聚合物宏观结构中的元素组成。结果表明弹性模量在多大程度上改善了应力松弛。所提出的水凝胶制剂在应力松弛试验下,在经历了粘弹性松弛之前表现出了孔隙弹性松弛。SEM图像显示出均匀的漏斗状孔隙,具有570μm厚的润滑层,这是保留组织液的重要特征。进行了能量色散X射线光谱分析,以表征聚合物宏观结构中的元素组成。结果表明弹性模量在多大程度上改善了应力松弛。所提出的水凝胶制剂在应力松弛试验下,在经历了粘弹性松弛之前表现出了孔隙弹性松弛。SEM图像显示出均匀的漏斗状孔隙,具有570μm厚的润滑层,这是保留组织液的重要特征。进行了能量色散X射线光谱分析,以表征聚合物宏观结构中的元素组成。这是保留组织液的重要特征。进行了能量色散X射线光谱分析,以表征聚合物宏观结构中的元素组成。这是保留组织液的重要特征。进行了能量色散X射线光谱分析,以表征聚合物宏观结构中的元素组成。

更新日期:2021-01-24
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