Conventional PV/T systems generally focus on maximizing electricity generation by PV modules only, and they do not balance the generation of electricity and heat for buildings. To match the varying energy demand of buildings, a flexible management method of novel PV/T systems with spectrum regulation was investigated by a 2D-Monte Carlo method. To maximize both electricity and heat generation, 40 nm Ag/water nanofluid (Case 1) and 90 nm Ag/water nanofluid (Case 2) have been proposed as optimal electrical and thermal nanofluids to capture solar radiation. Additionally, the influence from both mass fraction regulation and optical thickness regulation on the flexibility of the two PV/T systems was also investigated. The results from this study indicated that increased mass fraction resulted in decreased spectral transmittances of both Ag nanofluids, with non-linear regulation of system energy output. Additionally, increased optical thickness led to reduced spectral transmittance, but with nearly linear profiles. For flexible management of PV/T systems under varying building energy demand, adjusting the optical thickness of nanofluids can be used for daily-basis optimization, while mass fraction regulation can be used for seasonally-based optimization.

常规的PV / T系统通常只专注于最大程度地利用PV模块发电，而不能平衡建筑物的发电和供热。为了适应建筑物不断变化的能源需求，通过二维蒙特卡罗方法研究了具有频谱调节功能的新型PV / T系统的灵活管理方法。为了最大化发电和热发电，已提出40 nm Ag /水纳米流体（案例1）和90 nm Ag /水纳米流体（案例2）作为捕获太阳辐射的最佳电和热纳米流体。此外，还研究了质量分数调节和光学厚度调节对两个PV / T系统柔性的影响。这项研究的结果表明，增加的质量分数会导致两种银纳米流体的光谱透射率降低，具有系统能量输出的非线性调节。另外，增加的光学厚度导致光谱透射率降低，但是具有近乎线性的轮廓。为了在不断变化的建筑能量需求下灵活地管理PV / T系统，可以将调整纳米流体的光学厚度用于每日基础优化，而将质量分数调节用于基于季节的优化。