This study presents the synthesis and characterization of a styrene (ST), acrylic acid (AA), and N-(isopropyl acrylamide) (NiPAM) terpolymer obtained by a soap-free emulsion process. The influence of AA/NiPAM ratio on the reaction mechanism and the reaction kinetics was investigated. Thus, the polymerization rate increases with the concentration of NiPAM in the substrate. The obtained polymer colloids permitted the fabrication of photonic crystals (PCs) in all four cases, regardless of the substrate composition. The structures were investigated by UV–vis, SEM, and optical microscopy. A micellar polymerization mechanism in the case of AA rich substrates and a heterogeneous mechanism for NiPAM rich substrates were ascertained using the UV–vis, DLS, TEM, and XPS analyses. As the NiPAM concentration increased in detriment to AA, the particle formation mechanism leads to the formation of two distinct types of polymer particles. The zeta (ζ) potential values confirmed the latexes stability in all cases. The LCST values situated in the range of 37−44 °C were determined by DSC analysis. The humidity responsive characteristics were evaluated as an application for the obtained PCs.

这项研究介绍了通过无皂乳液工艺获得的苯乙烯（ST），丙烯酸（AA）和N-（异丙基丙烯酰胺）（NiPAM）三元共聚物的合成和表征。研究了AA / NiPAM比对反应机理和反应动力学的影响。因此，聚合速率随着基底中NiPAM的浓度而增加。所获得的聚合物胶体允许在所有四种情况下制造光子晶体（PC），而与衬底的组成无关。通过UV-vis，SEM和光学显微镜对结构进行了研究。使用UV-vis，DLS，TEM和XPS分析确定了富含AA的底物的胶束聚合机理和富含NiPAM的底物的异质机理。随着NiPAM浓度增加，不利于AA，颗粒形成机理导致形成两种不同类型的聚合物颗粒。ζ（ζ）电位值在所有情况下均确认了胶乳的稳定性。通过DSC分析确定在37-44℃范围内的LCST值。评价了湿度响应特性，作为所获得PC的应用。