The high heat-carrying capacity of encapsulated phase change material slurries (EPCMS) is instrumental in improving the performance of heat transfer fluid system (HFS). In the present study, we analysed 1-Decanol, a low-cost organic PCM, encapsulated in a urea-formaldehyde shell (UFS) for potential usage in low-temperature heat transfer fluid application (LTHFA). Discrete and uniformly shaped EPCM capsules have been prepared with an encapsulation efficiency of 59.56 % at an optimised core content of 10 g. Further, the thermal response of EPCM was enhanced by preparing EPCM modified (EPCMM) with 2, 6, and 10 wt% GnP or CuO nanoparticles (NP). SEM analysis revealed the rough and smooth surface morphologies of EPCMM with GnP and CuO, respectively. Particles size analysis showed that the prepared capsules are in the submicron size, and FTIR results revealed that 1-Decanol, UFS, and NP are chemically compatible with each other. DSC, FTIR, and TGA results proved that 1-Decanol had been encapsulated inside UFS. Based on the acquired results, EPCMM with 6 wt% GnP and 10 wt% CuO exhibited the most suitable thermal characteristics with an encapsulation efficiency of 56.14 % and 54.52 %, respectively, and thermal conductivity enhancement of 2.19 and 1.98 times that of EPCM, respectively. Experimental results concede that the prepared capsules have suitable thermal and heat transfer characteristics, proving its applicability in LTHFA.

封装相变材料浆料（EPCMS）的高载热能力有助于改善传热流体系统（HFS）的性能。在本研究中，我们分析了1-Decanol，一种低成本的有机PCM，封装在脲醛壳（UFS）中，可用于低温传热流体应用（LTHFA）。制备的离散且形状均匀的EPCM胶囊在10 g的最佳核心含量下的封装效率为59.56％。此外，通过制备具有2、6和10 wt％GnP或CuO纳米颗粒（NP）的EPCM改性（EPCMM），可以增强EPCM的热响应。SEM分析显示，EPCMM分别具有GnP和CuO的粗糙和光滑的表面形态。粒度分析表明，所制备的胶囊具有亚微米尺寸，FTIR结果表明1-癸醇，UFS和NP在化学上相互兼容。DSC，FTIR和TGA结果证明1-癸醇已被封装在UFS内。根据获得的结果，具有6 wt％GnP和10 wt％CuO的EPCMM表现出最合适的热特性，封装效率分别为56.14％和54.52％，导热系数分别是EPCM的2.19和1.98倍。实验结果表明，所制备的胶囊具有合适的传热和传热特性，证明了其在LTHFA中的适用性。具有6 wt％GnP和10 wt％CuO的EPCMM表现出最合适的热特性，封装效率分别为56.14％和54.52％，导热系数分别是EPCM的2.19和1.98倍。实验结果表明，所制备的胶囊具有合适的传热和传热特性，证明了其在LTHFA中的适用性。具有6 wt％GnP和10 wt％CuO的EPCMM表现出最合适的热特性，封装效率分别为56.14％和54.52％，导热系数分别是EPCM的2.19和1.98倍。实验结果表明，所制备的胶囊具有合适的传热和传热特性，证明了其在LTHFA中的适用性。