Due to the increasing penetration of photovoltaic (PV) power systems in active distribution networks (ADNs), PV power fluctuations may result in significant voltage variations of ADNs. Therefore, this paper proposes a voltage regulation method for ADNs to minimize the operational losses while keeping the nodal voltages within the limit with the reduced PV power curtailment and the reduced switching numbers of on-load tap changers (OLTCs) and capacitor banks (CBs). Meanwhile, the proposed voltage regulation method also aims to minimize the reactive power flowing through OLTCs, and to minimize the switching numbers of substation CBs. In this study, the centralized voltage regulation is performed based on the worst voltage variation scenarios of ADNs, where a multi-objective mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINP) model with time-varying decision variables is established. The MINP model is solved using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II), and a practical decision-making algorithm is developed to select the best solution from the Pareto optimal set. Moreover, the decentralized voltage regulation aims at mitigating real-time nodal voltage variations via adjusting the real-time active and reactive power of each PV plant. Several simulations and comparisons are carried out on a modified IEEE 33-node system to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods, and to compare with some previous voltage regulation methods. Simulation results show that the proposed voltage regulation methods can not only effectively control voltage variations of ADNs but also improve the economics of ADNs, substations, and PV plants.

由于光伏（PV）电力系统在有源配电网（ADN）中的渗透率不断提高，因此PV功率波动可能会导致ADN的明显电压变化。因此，本文提出了一种用于ADN的电压调节方法，以最大程度地降低工作损耗，同时通过减小PV功率削减以及减小有载分接开关（OLTC）和电容器组（CB）的开关数量，将节点电压保持在极限范围内。 。同时，提出的电压调节方法还旨在最小化流经OLTC的无功功率，并最小化变电站CB的开关数量。在这项研究中，基于ADN的最差电压变化情况执行集中电压调节，建立具有时变决策变量的多目标混合整数非线性规划（MINP）模型。使用非支配排序遗传算法II（NSGA-II）求解MINP模型，并开发了一种实用的决策算法，可从Pareto最优集合中选择最佳解决方案。此外，分散式电压调节旨在通过调整每个光伏电站的实时有功功率和无功功率来缓解实时节点电压变化。在改进的IEEE 33节点系统上进行了一些仿真和比较，以验证所提出方法的有效性，并与某些以前的电压调节方法进行比较。