Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 , DOI: 10.1007/s11481-020-09980-1 Júlia Leão Batista Simões 1 , Margarete Dulce Bagatini 2
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Declared as a global public health emergency, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is presented as a disease of the respiratory tract, although severe cases can affect the entire organism. Several studies have shown neurological symptoms, ranging from dizziness and loss of consciousness to cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, Guillain-Barré syndrome, an immune-mediated inflammatory neuropathy, has been closely associated with critical cases of infection with “severe acute respiratory syndrome of coronavirus 2” (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of COVID-19. Its pathophysiology is related to a generalized inflammation that affects the nervous system, but neurotropism was also revealed by the new coronavirus, which may increase the risk of neurological sequel, as well as the mortality of the disease. Thus, considering the comorbidities that SARS-CoV-2 infection can promote, the modulation of purinergic signaling can be applied as a potential therapy. In this perspective, given the role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in neural intercommunication, the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) acts on microglia cells and its inhibition may be able to reduce the inflammatory condition of neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, alternative measures to circumvent the reality of the COVID-19 pandemic need to be considered, given the severity of critical cases and the viral involvement of multiple organs.
Graphical Abstract
中文翻译：
COVID-19 相关格林-巴利综合征中 ATP 的嘌呤能信号传导
2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 被宣布为全球突发公共卫生事件，它是一种呼吸道疾病，但严重病例会影响整个机体。几项研究显示了神经系统症状，从头晕和意识丧失到脑血管和神经退行性疾病。在这种情况下，吉兰-巴利综合征（一种免疫介导的炎症性神经病）与感染“冠状病毒 2 型严重急性呼吸综合征”（SARS-CoV-2）（COVID-19 的病原体）的危重病例密切相关。 。其病理生理学与影响神经系统的全身炎症有关，但新型冠状病毒也揭示了向神经性，这可能会增加神经系统后遗症的风险以及该疾病的死亡率。因此，考虑到 SARS-CoV-2 感染可能引发的合并症，嘌呤能信号的调节可以作为一种潜在的治疗方法。从这个角度来看，鉴于三磷酸腺苷（ATP）在神经相互通讯中的作用，P2X7受体（P2X7R）作用于小胶质细胞，其抑制可能能够减轻神经退行性疾病的炎症状况。最后，考虑到危重病例的严重性和病毒累及多个器官，需要考虑采取替代措施来规避 COVID-19 大流行的现实。
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