Background

The application of nanotechnology in medicine encompasses an interdisciplinary field of sciences for the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of medical conditions. This study aims to systematically review and summarize the advances of nanotechnology applicable to neurosurgery.

Methods

We performed a PubMed advanced search of reports exploring the advances of nanotechnology and nanomedicine relating to diagnosis, treatment, or both, in neurosurgery, for the last decade. The search was performed according to PRISMA guidelines, and the following data were extracted from each paper: title; authors; article type; PMID; DOI; year of publication; in vitro, in vivo model; nanomedical, nanotechnological material; nanofield; neurosurgical field; the application of the system; and main conclusions of the study.

Results

A total of 78 original studies were included in this review. The results were organized into the following categories: functional neurosurgery, head trauma, neurodegenerative diseases, neuro-oncology, spinal surgery and peripheral nerves, vascular neurosurgery, and studies that apply to more than one field. A further categorization applied in terms of nanomedical field such as neuroimaging, neuro-nanotechnology, neuroregeneration, theranostics, and neuro-nanotherapy.

Conclusion

In reviewing the literature, significant advances in imaging and treatment of central nervous system diseases are underway and are expected to reach clinical practice in the next decade by the application of the rapidly evolving nanotechnology techniques.

中文翻译：

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神经外科中的纳米技术：系统综述

背景

纳米技术在医学中的应用涵盖了用于诊断，治疗和监测医学状况的跨学科科学领域。这项研究旨在系统地回顾和总结适用于神经外科的纳米技术的进展。

方法

我们对PubMed进行了高级搜索，搜索了过去十年中有关神经外科诊断，治疗或两者的纳米技术和纳米医学进展的报告。根据PRISMA指南进行搜索，并从每篇论文中提取以下数据：标题；作者; 文章类型；PMID；DOI; 出版年份；体外，体内模型；纳米医学，纳米技术材料；纳米场 神经外科领域 系统的应用；和研究的主要结论。

结果

本评价共纳入78篇原始研究。结果分为以下几类：功能性神经外科，头部创伤，神经退行性疾病，神经肿瘤，脊柱外科和周围神经，血管神经外科以及适用于多个领域的研究。在纳米医学领域，如神经影像学，神经纳米技术，神经再生，治疗学和神经纳米疗法，还进行了进一步的分类。

结论

在回顾文献时，中枢神经系统疾病的成像和治疗方面正在取得重大进展，并且有望通过应用快速发展的纳米技术在未来十年内达到临床实践。