Adoption of conservation tillage practices has increased over the past 30 yr in the United States. Research is needed to evaluate if reduced tillage practices are compatible with manure injection on dairy farms. Two corn (Zea mays L.) silage studies were conducted in New York to evaluate the impact of zone tillage depth and tillage intensity on early plant growth and soil nitrate-N, corn silage productivity and quality, and nutrient uptake at harvest. Treatments included three zone tillage depths (0, 18, and 36 cm; with aerator seedbed preparation) for Study 1 (2012–2013) and three tillage intensities (no tillage, reduced tillage [aerator seedbed preparation without zone tillage], and intensified reduced tillage [aerator seedbed preparation plus zone tillage at 18-cm depth]) for Study 2 (2014–2016). Manure was injected in the spring, and all fields had a manure and zone tillage history. Zone tillage depth did not affect early plant growth, soil nitrate-N content at V5-V6, corn silage yield, quality, corn stalk nitrate test (CSNT)-N, or nutrient removal with harvest. The CSNT-N levels exceeded 2,000 mg NO₃–N kg^–1, confirming sufficient N for each treatment. Study 2 showed no impact of tillage intensity on corn growth, yield, or nutritive value, and CSNT-N levels always exceeded 2,000 mg NO₃–N kg^–1. These findings show that, on fields with a history of manure addition and reduced tillage, manure injection followed by planting without further seedbed preparation or zone tillage can maintain yields and quality and can conserve N while reducing soil disturbance and tillage-associated fuel, equipment, and labor costs.

中文翻译：

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保护性耕作与玉米青贮系统中的粪肥注射兼容

过去 30 年来，美国采用保护性耕作方法的情况有所增加。需要研究来评估减少耕作的做法是否与奶牛场的粪便注射兼容。两个玉米（Zea maysL.) 青贮研究在纽约进行，以评估区域耕作深度和耕作强度对早期植物生长和土壤硝酸盐氮、玉米青贮产量和质量以及收获时养分吸收的影响。处理包括研究 1（2012-2013 年）的三种区域耕作深度（0、18 和 36 厘米；使用曝气机苗床准备）和三种耕作强度（免耕、减少耕作 [不进行区域耕作的曝气机苗床准备] 和加强减少研究 2（2014-2016 年）的耕作 [曝气机苗床准备加 18 厘米深的区域耕作]）。春季注入粪肥，所有田地都有粪肥和区耕历史。区域耕作深度不影响早期植物生长、V5-V6 的土壤硝酸盐-N 含量、玉米青贮产量、质量、玉米秸秆硝酸盐测试 (CSNT)-N 或收获时的养分去除。₃ –N kg ^–1，确认每个处理有足够的 N。研究 2 显示耕作强度对玉米生长、产量或营养价值没有影响，而且 CSNT-N 水平总是超过 2,000 mg NO ₃ –N kg ^–1。这些研究结果表明，在有过施肥和减少耕作历史的田地中，无需进一步准备苗床或区域耕作即可进行肥料注入和种植，可以保持产量和质量，并可以保存氮，同时减少土壤干扰和耕作相关的燃料、设备、和劳动力成本。