1. The ability to see ultraviolet (UV) light (<400 nm) may have importance for foraging, communication or navigation in many taxa including insects, crustaceans, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. Behavioural experiments reveal how vision mediates such behaviour; however, our knowledge of UV perception is constrained by the challenge of creating and calibrating stimuli that reflect or emit UV. Commonly used technologies for displaying visual stimuli—such as computer screens and printers—are designed for human vision and thus are unsuitable for testing UV perception.
2. To overcome this limitation, we designed and constructed a display with five spectral channels with peak wavelengths as follows: red at 629 nm, green at 526 nm, blue at 466 nm, violet at 395 nm and UV at 367 nm. Each pixel of the display consists of five LEDs with a baffle to prevent crosstalk from adjacent pixels and a diffuser to promote uniform colour mixing. The LEDs are driven by high‐performance pulse‐width‐modulated constant‐current drivers with a maximum flicker rate of 64 kHz and a maximum frame rate of 6.5 kHz. This method allows colour mixing with wavelengths as low as 350 nm to be calibrated and tested rapidly and concurrently.
3. To demonstrate the utility of this display, we conducted colour detection tests using the anemonefish, Amphiprion ocellaris, a species known to have UV‐sensitive cones. Fish were able to associate pecking all target colours (‘Blue’, ‘UV‐grey’ and ‘UV’) with a food reward, demonstrating for the first time, UV perception in A. ocellaris.
4. The RGB‐V‐UV LED display is a useful device for behavioural tests of colour vision across a broad spectrum (350–650 nm) visible to many animals and can be used to investigate various questions concerning animal perception, including colour discrimination and categorisation. We include design documents and source code so this system can be further developed and modified to investigate other visual behaviours in a variety of taxa.

中文翻译：

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五通道LED显示屏用于调查紫外线的感知

1. 能够看见紫外线（<400 nm）的能力对于许多类群的觅食，交流或航行至关重要，这些类群包括昆虫，甲壳类动物，鱼类，两栖动物，爬行动物，鸟类和哺乳动物。行为实验揭示了视觉如何介导这种行为。但是，我们对紫外线感知的知识受到创建和校准反射或发射紫外线的刺激的挑战的限制。用于显示视觉刺激的常用技术（例如计算机屏幕和打印机）是为人类视觉设计的，因此不适合测试UV感知。
2. 为了克服此限制，我们设计并构建了具有五个光谱通道的显示器，这些光谱通道的峰值波长如下：红色为629 nm，绿色为526 nm，蓝色为466 nm，紫色为395 nm，紫外线为367 nm。显示器的每个像素由五个LED组成，这些LED带有一个挡板（可防止来自相邻像素的串扰）和一个扩散器（可促进均匀的色彩混合）。LED由高性能脉宽调制恒流驱动器驱动，最大闪烁速率为64 kHz，最大帧速率为6.5 kHz。这种方法可以快速且同时地校准和测试波长低至350 nm的颜色混合。
3. 为了证明这种显示器的实用性，我们使用了已知对紫外线敏感的圆锥形海葵鱼（Amphiprion ocellaris）进行了颜色检测测试。鱼能够使啄食所有目标颜色（“蓝色”，“紫外线-灰色”和“紫外线”）与食物奖励相关联，这首次证明了在球藻中的紫外线感知能力。
4. RGB-V-UV LED显示屏是一种有用的设备，可用于对许多动物可见的广谱（350-650 nm）范围内的色觉进行行为测试，并可用于调查有关动物感知的各种问题，包括颜色辨别和分类。我们包括设计文档和源代码，因此可以进一步开发和修改此系统，以研究各种分类中的其他视觉行为。