Estimating snow water equivalent using cosmic-ray neutron sensors from the COSMOS-UK network,Hydrological Processes

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Estimating snow water equivalent using cosmic-ray neutron sensors from the COSMOS-UK network
Hydrological Processes ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-17 , DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14048
J. R. Wallbank ₁ , S. J. Cole ₁ , R. J. Moore ₁ , S. R. Anderson ₁ , E. J. Mellor ₁

Affiliation

The intensity of cosmic ray neutrons is inversely correlated with the amount of water present in the surrounding environment. This effect is already employed by around 50 neutron sensors in the COSMOS-UK network to provide daily estimates of soil moisture across the UK. Here, these same sensors are used to automatically provide estimates of snow water equivalent (SWE). Lying snow is typically ephemeral and of shallow depth for most parts of the UK. Moreover, soil moisture is usually high and variable, which acts to increase uncertainties in the SWE estimate. Nevertheless, even under such challenging conditions, both above ground and buried cosmic ray neutron sensors are still able to produce potentially useful SWE estimates. Triple collocation analysis suggests typical uncertainties of less than around 4 mm under UK snow conditions.

中文翻译：

使用COSMOS-UK网络中的宇宙射线中子传感器估算雪水当量

宇宙射线中子的强度与周围环境中存在的水量成反比。COSMOS-UK网络中的大约50个中子传感器已经采用了这种效应，以提供整个英国土壤湿度的每日估算值。在这里，这些相同的传感器用于自动提供雪水当量（SWE）的估算值。在英国大部分地区，积雪通常是短暂的，且深度较浅。此外，土壤水分通常较高且变化多端，从而增加了SWE估算中的不确定性。然而，即使在这样具有挑战性的条件下，地上和埋藏的宇宙射线中子传感器仍然能够产生潜在有用的SWE估计。三重搭配分析表明，在英国降雪条件下，典型不确定度小于4 mm。

更新日期：2021-01-17

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