Abstract

Objectives

The current study aims to examine how social exclusion is related to subjective well-being in older adults across different European regions.

Methods

European population-based cross-sectional study design was employed using data sampled from the eighth round of the European Social Survey (ESS). Multiple items for social exclusion were used in this round, including household income, civic participation, frequent meetings with friends and relatives, basic health services, and neighborhood cohesion. Life satisfaction, happiness, and self-rated general health were also assessed. An ANOVA was performed to examine the regional differences related to social exclusion and subjective well-being, while a regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between the social exclusion and subjective well-being.

Results

There were significant regional differences in the social exclusion and subjective well-being of older Europeans. In addition, older adults in the Nordic nations are more likely to indicate higher levels of subjective well-being and lower levels of social exclusion, while older adults from Central and Eastern European nations tend to report lower levels of subjective well-being and higher levels of social exclusion. Material resources and basic services are highlighted as the most important domains pertaining to life satisfaction, happiness, and general health.

Discussion

The study findings reinforce the inequality in subjective well-being linked to social exclusion across different societies. Both global and country-specific exclusion models in later life should be implemented in order to enhance comparable research and provide insight into EU and national guidelines for interventions to diminish social exclusion.

中文翻译：

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欧洲老年人的社会排斥和主观幸福感：欧洲社会调查的结果

摘要

目标

目前的研究旨在研究社会排斥如何与欧洲不同地区老年人的主观幸福感相关。

方法

使用从第八轮欧洲社会调查 (ESS) 中抽样的数据采用了基于欧洲人口的横断面研究设计。这一轮使用了多个社会排斥项目，包括家庭收入、公民参与、与亲友的频繁会面、基本卫生服务和邻里凝聚力。还评估了生活满意度、幸福感和自我评价的总体健康状况。进行方差分析以检查与社会排斥和主观幸福感相关的区域差异，而回归分析用于检查社会排斥与主观幸福感之间的关系。

结果

欧洲老年人的社会排斥和主观幸福感存在显着的地区差异。此外，北欧国家的老年人更有可能表现出较高的主观幸福感和较低的社会排斥程度，而中欧和东欧国家的老年人往往报告主观幸福感水平较低且社会排斥程度较高。的社会排斥。物质资源和基本服务被强调为与生活满意度、幸福感和总体健康相关的最重要领域。

讨论

研究结果强化了与不同社会的社会排斥相关的主观幸福感的不平等。应在晚年实施全球和特定国家的排斥模型，以加强可比研究，并深入了解欧盟和国家干预措施以减少社会排斥。