Evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediate tissue homeostasis, cellular signaling, differentiation, and survival. ROS and antioxidants exert both beneficial and harmful effects on cancer. ROS at different concentrations exhibit different functions. This creates necessity to understand the relation between ROS, antioxidants, and cancer, and methods for detection of ROS. This review highlights various sources and types of ROS, their tumorigenic and tumor prevention effects; types of antioxidants, their tumorigenic and tumor prevention effects; and abnormal ROS detoxification in cancer; and methods to measure ROS. We conclude that improving genetic screening methods and bringing higher clarity in determination of enzymatic pathways and scale-up in cancer models profiling, using omics technology, would support in-depth understanding of antioxidant pathways and ROS complexities. Although numerous methods for ROS detection are developing very rapidly, yet further modifications are required to minimize the limitations associated with currently available methods.

中文翻译：

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方法学综述，以检测哺乳动物中的活性氧（ROS）并建立其与抗氧化剂和癌症的关系

有证据表明活性氧（ROS）介导组织稳态，细胞信号传导，分化和存活。ROS和抗氧化剂对癌症产生有益和有害的作用。ROS在不同浓度下表现出不同的功能。这就需要理解ROS，抗氧化剂和癌症之间的关系，以及检测ROS的方法。这篇综述重点介绍了ROS的各种来源和类型，其致瘤性和肿瘤预防作用；抗氧化剂的类型，其致瘤性和肿瘤预防作用；癌症中ROS异常排毒；和测量ROS的方法。我们得出的结论是，使用组学技术，改进基因筛选方法并在确定癌症模型分析的酶促途径和扩大规模方面带来更高的清晰度，将支持对抗氧化剂途径和ROS复杂性的深入了解。尽管许多用于ROS检测的方法发展非常迅速，但仍需要进一步的修改以最小化与当前可用方法相关的限制。