As a mediator between lipid metabolism dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is a promising therapeutical target in a wide range of metabolic diseases. In mice, pneumococcal immunization increases anti-phosphorylcholine and oxLDL antibody levels, and reduces atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and Niemann–Pick disease burden. These findings suggest that pneumococcal vaccination may be a useful preventive and therapeutical strategy in metabolic disease patients. In this pilot clinical trial, our aim was to determine whether the administration of a pneumococcal vaccine increases anti-phosphorylcholine and anti-oxLDL antibody levels in metabolic disease patients. The following patients were enrolled: four patients with familial partial lipodystrophy (all women, mean age 32 years old); three familial hypercholesterolemia patients (one girl, two boys; mean age 13 years); and two Niemann–Pick type B (NP-B) patients (two men, mean age 37.5 years old). Participants received one active dose of a 13-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (Prevenar 13) and were followed-up for four weeks. Four weeks after Prevenar 13 vaccination, no differences were observed in patients’ levels of anti-oxLDL IgM or IgG antibodies. In addition, we observed a reduction in anti-phosphorylcholine (anti-PC) IgM antibody levels, whereas no differences were observed in anti-PC IgG antibody titers. These findings indicate that Prevenar 13 vaccination does not induce an immune response against oxLDL in patients with metabolic diseases. Therefore, Prevenar 13 is not suited to target the metabolic disruptor and pro-inflammatory mediator oxLDL in patients.

中文翻译：

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结合肺炎球菌疫苗接种对代谢性疾病患者抗氧化型低密度脂蛋白血浆抗体水平的影响：单臂临床试验

作为脂质代谢功能障碍，氧化应激和炎症之间的介体，氧化低密度脂蛋白（oxLDL）是广泛的代谢疾病中有希望的治疗靶标。在小鼠中，肺炎球菌免疫增加了抗磷酸胆碱和oxLDL抗体的水平，并减轻了动脉粥样硬化，非酒精性脂肪性肝炎和尼曼-皮克病的负担。这些发现表明，肺炎球菌疫苗接种可能是代谢疾病患者的一种有用的预防和治疗策略。在这项试验性临床试验中，我们的目的是确定肺炎球菌疫苗的使用是否会增加代谢疾病患者的抗磷酸胆碱和抗oxLDL抗体水平。纳入以下患者：四例家族性部分脂肪营养不良患者（全部女性，平均年龄32岁）；三例家族性高胆固醇血症患者（一个女孩，两个男孩；平均年龄13岁）；两名Niemann-Pick B型（NP-B）患者（两名男性，平均年龄37.5岁）。参加者接受一剂有效剂量的13价结合型肺炎球菌疫苗（Prevenar 13），并随访四周。Prevenar 13疫苗接种四周后，患者的抗oxLDL IgM或IgG抗体水平未见差异。此外，我们观察到抗磷酸胆碱（anti-PC）IgM抗体水平降低，而抗PC IgG抗体滴度没有差异。这些发现表明，Prevenar 13疫苗接种不会在代谢性疾病患者中诱导针对oxLDL的免疫反应。因此，Prevenar 13不适合靶向患者的代谢破坏因子和促炎介质oxLDL。