Abstract

Governments are reluctant to acknowledge illegal settlements. Ak Jar is an illegal settlement on the outskirts of Bishkek. If the settlement were formally legalised, its residents would receive property documents as well as recognition and inclusion. They have thus developed strategies to achieve the legalisation of Ak Jar. Although the settlement is technically illegal, by behaving ‘legally’ (that is, following legal norms and practices), the residents and community leaders generate the appearance and even some of the effects of legality (such as, legitimate power supply, recognition by politicians). This creates a halfway space between ‘legal’ and ‘illegal’ that moves the settlement away from ‘full’ illegality and closer to legalisation.

摘要

政府不愿承认非法定居点。Ak Jar是比什凯克郊区的非法定居点。如果定居点正式合法化，其居民将获得财产文件以及承认和列入。因此，他们制定了实现Ak Jar合法化的策略。尽管从技术上来说，和解是非法的，但通过“合法”的行为（即遵循法律规范和惯例），居民和社区领导人会产生外表甚至合法性的某些影响（例如合法的电力供应，政治家的认可） ）。这就在“合法”和“非法”之间创造了一个中间空间，使和解远离“完全”违法并更趋于合法化。