Objectives

The goal of the current study was to refine and validate a revision of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), with the goal of retaining its useful features and mitigating those features that have been identified to be problematic.

Methods

A 30-item pilot version of the Balanced Inventory of Mindfulness-related Skills (BIMS) was developed by implementing the structured alternative item format (presenting both positive and negative aspects of each item) and revising the wording of items. Herein, we collected data from a convenience sample of n = 1014 individuals, reduced to n = 757 after data cleaning. We conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) on randomly separated subsets of the sample and explored response patterns and correlations with relevant measures (including a short-form of the FFMQ).

Results

Parallel analysis and EFA indicated a five-factor, correlated structure across a final 27 items (omitting 3 items due to poor fit), confirmed by CFA. A full sample CFA using an asymptotically distribution free fit function indicated excellent model fit (CFI/TLI > 0.99, RMSEA < 0.05, SRMR < 0.05). The BIMS scales exhibited strong correlations with the FFMQ subscales and related scales. The scale did not, however, reduce correlations with social desirability, which has been shown to be associated with method effects.

Conclusions

The BIMS represents a psychometrically sound revision of the FFMQ that retains the five-factor structure of the original scale while eliminating method effects. It is strongly correlated with the original scale and exhibits comparable correlations with attentional control, emotion regulation, and personality characteristics. Critically, the BIMS represents a measure of mindfulness-related skills, shifting the focus to clinically relevant constructs that may interact but do not necessarily sum to a unitary trait.

中文翻译：

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提炼和验证与正念相关的技能的平衡库存（BIMS）

目标

当前研究的目的是完善和验证对“五方面正念问卷”（FFMQ）的修订，目的是保留其有用的功能并减轻那些已确定为有问题的功能。

方法

通过实施结构化的替代项目格式（表示每个项目的积极和消极方面）并修订项目的措辞，开发了30个项目的正念相关技能平衡清单（BIMS）的试验版。在这里，我们从n  = 1014个人的便利样本中收集了数据， 数据清理后减少为n = 757。我们对样本的随机分离子集进行了探索性因素分析（EFA）和确认性因素分析（CFA），并探索了响应模式和与相关度量（包括FFMQ的简短形式）的相关性。

结果

平行分析和EFA指出，最终CFA确认了最后27个项目中的五因素相关结构（由于拟合不佳而省略了3个项目）。使用渐近分布自由拟合函数的完整样本CFA表示极好的模型拟合（CFI / TLI> 0.99，RMSEA <0.05，SRMR <0.05）。BIMS量表与FFMQ子量表及相关量表显示出很强的相关性。但是，该量表并未减少与社会可取性的相关性，这已证明与方法效果相关。

结论

BIMS代表了FFMQ的心理上合理的修订，它保留了原始比例的五要素结构，同时消除了方法的影响。它与原始量表密切相关，并且在注意力控制，情绪调节和人格特征方面表现出可比的相关性。至关重要的是，BIMS代表了与正念有关的技能的一种度量，将重点转移到了可能相互作用但不一定求和成一体的临床相关结构上。