How does wealth affect preferences for redistribution? In general, social scientists have largely neglected to study the social effects of wealth. This neglect was partially due to a dearth of data on household wealth and social outcomes, and also to greater scholarly interest in how wealth has been accumulated rather than the social effects of wealth. While we would expect household wealth to be an important component of attitudes toward inequality and social welfare policies, research in this area is scarce. In this study, the relationship between wealth and preferences for redistribution is examined in cross-national global and comparative perspective using data on 31 countries from the 2009 wave of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP), the first wave of that study to include measures of wealth. The findings presented compare the effects of two types of wealth—financial assets and home equity—and demonstrate that there are differences in effects by asset type and by redistributive policy in question. Financial wealth is more closely associated with attitudes about income equality, while home equity is more closely associated with attitudes about unemployment benefits. Moreover, while the upper categories of financial wealth have the largest negative effects on support for income equality, it is the middle categories of home equity that are most strongly associated with opposition to unemployment benefits. Effects also differ by country, but not in patterns that theories of comparative welfare states nor political economy would adequately explain.

财富如何影响重新分配的偏好？通常，社会科学家在很大程度上忽略了研究财富的社会影响。这种疏忽的部分原因是缺乏有关家庭财富和社会成果的数据，也由于学术界对财富的积累方式而不是财富的社会影响有了更大的兴趣。尽管我们希望家庭财富将成为对待不平等和社会福利政策态度的重要组成部分，但在这一领域的研究却很少。在这项研究中，我们使用2009年国际社会调查计划（ISSP）浪潮中31个国家的数据，从跨国全球和比较的角度研究了财富与再分配偏好之间的关系，这是该研究的第一波浪潮，其中包括指标财富。提出的研究结果比较了两种财富类型（金融资产和房屋净值）的影响，并证明了按资产类型和所讨论的再分配政策的影响存在差异。金融财富与对收入平等的态度更紧密相关，而房屋净值与对失业救济金的态度更紧密相关。此外，虽然较高类别的金融财富对支持收入平等的负面影响最大，但与反对失业救济金相关性最强的是房屋净值的中间类别。效果因国家而异，但在比较福利国家理论或政治经济学理论无法充分解释的模式上没有差异。