ABSTRACT

Peanut cultivation during the summer needs precise management of nutrient and water resources particularly in arid and semi-arid areas to sustain agricultural productivity where water is a scarce commodity. Application of NPK fertilizers both normal and water-soluble was evaluated using soil and drip fertigation methods for their effect on productivity, profitability, enzyme activities, and soil nutrient balance. Application of 100% NF at sowing through drip irrigation (T₁₀) significantly (p =.05) enhanced leaf area index (LAI), yield attributes, pod, kernel, and oil yields, and net returns over T₁, which was found at par to the staggered application of 75% or 100% water-soluble fertilizers (WSF) through drip except for net returns at T₅ and T₈. However, the highest plant height, dry weight, and haulm yield was observed under T₄. The highest PFP was recorded with treatment T₆ and showed a declining trend with an increase in fertilizer dose. Activities of phosphatase enzymes increased up to 60 DAS and thereafter, showed a declining trend except for alkaline phosphatase under T₁. Significantly higher dehydrogenase activity was reported under T₉ at 60 DAS except under T₁ and T₆. Compared to initial status, actual available N, P, and K status after harvest increased in all the treatments but maximum actual gains were recorded under T₁. The results clearly indicated that pod yield and net returns obtained under treatments T₂ to T₉ were comparable to T₁₀ except for net returns at T₅ and T₈. Therefore, 25% NPK requirement could be saved without affecting yield and net returns with treatment T₆ in the summer peanut.

摘要

夏季的花生种植需要精确管理养分和水资源，特别是在干旱和半干旱地区，以维持缺水商品的农业生产力。使用土壤和滴灌施肥方法评估了氮磷钾肥对普通肥料和水溶性肥料的施用量，它们对生产力，利润，酶活性和土壤养分平衡的影响。在通过滴灌（T播种100％NF中的应用₁₀）显著（p = 0.05）增强的叶面积指数（LAI），产率属性，荚，内核和油的产率，并用T网返回₁，它被发现与通过滴灌交错施用75％或100％水溶性肥料（WSF）相同，除了在T _5时的净收益和T ₈。然而，在T ₄下观察到最高的株高，干重和茎秆产量。在处理T ₆时记录到最高的PFP，随着肥料用量的增加，PFP呈下降趋势。磷酸酶的活性增加到60 DAS，此后除T ₁下的碱性磷酸酶外，呈下降趋势。据报道，除T ₁和T ₆外，T ₉在60 DAS下的脱氢酶活性明显更高。与初始状态相比，在所有处理中，收获后的实际可用氮，磷和钾状态均增加，但在T ₁下记录了最大的实际收益。结果清楚地表明，在处理时间T ₂至T ₉下获得的豆荚产量和净回报率与T ₁₀相当，除了在T ₅和T _8时的净回报率。因此，在夏季花生中，处理T ₆可以节省25％的NPK而不影响产量和净收益。